发表机构
University of Tennessee（田纳西大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过结合极化、表面电化学与应变的多物理模型，分析多轴铁电体表面畴形成，揭示初始不稳定性波长与畴间距关系，并探讨弛豫体表面调制起源。
AI 中文摘要
我们分析了具有开放、电化学补偿表面的多轴铁电体中畴结构的形成。该模型结合了矢量极化、表面电化学、静电学、相容应变以及常见位点上的竞争吸附。我们构建了均匀相图并分析了极化不稳定性，首先假设扰动在薄膜厚度方向上是均匀的，然后允许深度相关的极化分布。非线性延拓跟踪这些调制增长为充分发展的畴。对其周期的优化和稳定性的测试确立了初始不稳定性波长与已建立畴结构的优选间距之间的关系。我们还考虑了在稳定的弱各向异性体相之上的表面有序化，作为与铁电弛豫体相关的构成极限，为其周期性表面调制的可能起源提供了见解。具有相同二次项的表面能可以产生相同的初始不稳定性，但有利于不同的发展状态，包括周期性畴和均匀的面内极化。该分析提供了一种程序，用于将铁电调制的初始发展连接到振幅选择、波长调整以及所得畴结构的后续演化。
英文摘要
We analyze the formation of domain structures in multiaxial ferroelectrics with an open, electrochemically compensated surface. The model combines vector polarization, surface electrochemistry, electrostatics, compatible strain, and competitive adsorption on common sites. We construct homogeneous phase maps and analyze polarization instabilities, first assuming perturbations that are uniform through the film thickness and then allowing depth-dependent polarization profiles. Nonlinear continuation follows the growth of these modulations into developed domains. Optimization of their period and tests of their stability establish how the initial instability wavelength relates to the preferred spacing of an established domain structure. We also consider surface ordering above a stable, weakly anisotropic bulk as a constitutive limit relevant to ferroelectric relaxors, providing insight into possible origins of their periodic surface modulations. Surface energies with the same quadratic terms can produce the same initial instability but favor different developed states, including periodic domains and uniform in-plane polarization. This analysis provides a procedure for connecting the initial development of ferroelectric modulations to amplitude selection, wavelength adjustment, and the subsequent evolution of the resulting domain structures.
