直流微电网中基于电压锁定环同步的改进下垂控制
Improved Droop Control in DC Microgrids via Voltage-Locked Loop Synchronization
- ABB Corporate Research Center（ABB中央研究院）
- ETH Zürich（苏黎世联邦理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
针对直流微电网下垂控制瞬态性能差的问题，提出基于电压锁定环同步的改进下垂控制，通过虚拟直流电机与虚拟电流源功能分离改善瞬态响应并实现负载共享，实验验证了其有效性。
AI中文摘要：
直流微电网是用于连接和管理直流源与负载的低压或中压网络。运行直流微电网的一个关键挑战是在确保其稳定性的同时，将直流电压维持在预定的限值内。下垂控制是应对这一挑战的最常用方法，它能够实现分散式电压控制和功率共享，但存在瞬态性能较差的缺点，导致在诸如AI数据中心等负载快速变化的应用中出现电压跌落和过冲。本文提出了一种基于电压锁定环同步的改进下垂控制方法，该方法在显著改善瞬态响应的同时确保直流电压稳定，并实现可用源变换器之间期望的负载共享。其核心设计原则体现在将控制方案功能分离为一个作为旋转飞轮运行的虚拟直流电机（VDCM）和一个并联连接的虚拟电流源。瞬态响应由虚拟直流电机提供，以阻尼和稳定直流母线电压波动，而缓慢的下垂响应由虚拟电流源提供，以确保稳态功率平衡。所提方法的性能在实验性微电网平台上得到了验证。
英文摘要：
DC microgrids are low- or medium-voltage networks designed to connect and manage DC-based sources and loads. A key challenge in operating DC microgrids is maintaining the DC voltage within certain predefined limits while ensuring its stability. Droop control, the most common method towards addressing this challenge, enables decentralized voltage control and power sharing, but suffers from poor transient performance, resulting in voltage dips and overshoots in applications with fast varying loads such as AI datacenters. This paper introduces an improved droop control method based on voltage-locked loop synchronization, which ensures DC voltage stabilization with significantly improved transient response and achieves the desired load sharing between the available source converters. The core design principle is reflected in the functional separation of the control scheme into a virtual DC machine (VDCM) that operates as a spinning wheel and a virtual current source connected in parallel. The transient response is provided by the VDCM to damp and stabilize DC bus voltage variations, while the slow droop response is provided by the virtual current source to ensure steady-state power balance. The performance of the proposed method is validated in an experimental microgrid setup.
