稀疏随机图中三角形的局部大偏差
Local large deviations for triangles in sparse random graphs
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文研究稀疏随机图中三角形数量的下尾大偏差,给出 $p=o(n^{-2/3})$ 时所有 $k$ 的一阶渐近,改进了 Frieze 的结果,并刻画条件分布及高效采样算法,发现 $p=\Theta(n^{-4/5})$ 处的分布转变。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们重新审视概率组合学中的一个经典主题,即随机图 $G(n,p)$ 中三角形的下尾大偏差问题。这里我们旨在研究当 $X$ 为 $G(n,p)$ 中的三角形数量且 $0 \le k \le (1-\epsilon) \mathbb{E}X$ 时,概率 $\mathbb{P}[X=k]$ 的一阶渐近行为,并处于对数渐近为泊松型的稀疏区域。当 $k=0$(即无三角形情形)且 $p = p(n)$ 足够小时,一阶渐近已通过 Janson 不等式以及 Stark 和 Wormald 的结果得知;当 $k$ 足够接近 $\mathbb{E}X$ 时,一阶渐近已通过局部中心极限定理得知。我们的主要结果给出了当 $p = o(n^{-2/3})$ 时上述范围内所有 $k$ 的一阶渐近,改进了 Frieze 要求 $p = o(n^{-4/5})$ 的结果。我们还刻画了在相应的条件分布下这 $k$ 个三角形的分布(直至总变差距离趋于零),并给出一个高效算法来近似地从该条件分布中采样。值得注意的是,当 $k = \Theta(\mu)$ 时,在 $p = \Theta(n^{-4/5})$ 处存在一个转变,从渐近均匀的三角形分布变为与均匀分布渐近奇异的分布。
英文摘要
We revisit a classic topic in probabilistic combinatorics, the lower-tail large-deviation problem for triangles in the random graph $G(n,p)$. Here we aim for first-order asymptotics for the quantity $\mathbb{P}[X=k]$ with $X$ the number of triangles in $G(n,p)$ and $0 \le k \le (1-ε) \mathbb{E}X$, in the sparse regime in which the logarithmic asymptotics are Poissonian. When $k=0$ (the case of triangle-freeness) and $p = p(n)$ is sufficiently small, first-order asymptotics are known via Janson's inequality and results of Stark and Wormald; when $k$ is sufficiently close to $\mathbb{E}X$, first-order asymptotics are known via local central limit theorems. Our main result gives first-order asymptotics for all $k$ in the above range when $p = o(n^{-2/3})$, improving upon the result of Frieze that required $p = o(n^{-4/5})$. We also characterize, up to vanishing total variation distance, the distribution of the $k$ triangles in the corresponding conditional distribution and give an efficient algorithm to approximately sample from this conditional distribution. Notably, when $k = Θ(μ)$ there is a transition at $p = Θ(n^{-4/5})$ from an asymptotically uniform triangle distribution to a distribution asymptotically singular to uniform.
发表机构
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Computer Science(佐治亚理工学院计算机学院)
- Mount Holyoke College, Department of Mathematics and Statistics(芒特霍利奥克学院数学与统计系)
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