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NeuRIO:用于零样本仿真到现实多机器人相对惯性里程计的流式神经估计器

NeuRIO: A Streaming Neural Estimator for Zero-Shot Sim-to-Real Multi-Robot Relative Inertial Odometry

Zhehan Li, Jiadong Lu, Shengwei Ren, Chao Xu, Yanjun Cao

arXiv 2609.21707首次发表:更新:

发表机构

State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, Zhejiang University; Huzhou Institute of Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Guixing Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.(浙江大学工业控制技术国家重点实验室、控制科学与工程学院; 浙江大学湖州研究院; 杭州桂星智能科技有限公司)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

AI 中文总结

NeuRIO是一种流式神经图网络估计器,利用机器人间方位、距离和IMU测量实现零样本仿真到现实的多机器人相对惯性里程计,在24个真实序列中达到14.1厘米位置误差,并支持最多400个机器人的高效扩展。

AI 中文摘要

我们提出了NeuRIO,一种流式神经估计器,用于仅使用识别的机器人间方位、距离和IMU测量进行无锚点的6自由度相对惯性里程计。NeuRIO将测量值规范化为重力对齐坐标,将机器人表示为节点,将相互观测表示为因子,并使用注意力进行空间推理,使用GRU进行时间建模。作为图网络,NeuRIO在整个网络中应用共享的节点级和因子级算子,使其能够处理不同规模的团队和时变观测图。NeuRIO在模拟器上训练,该模拟器耦合了各种运动模式、设备级传感器特性以及多样化、真实建模且时间上持续的传感器损坏。通过这种方式,NeuRIO实现了零样本仿真到现实的迁移。在24个真实世界序列中,NeuRIO实现了14.1厘米的位置RMSE和3.9度的旋转RMSE。更重要的是,NeuRIO展示了强大的计算可扩展性,在模拟中最多400个机器人时保持低于20毫秒的更新成本,而基于优化的方法在仅24个机器人时便超过20毫秒。此外,即使仅在有限的团队规模上训练,NeuRIO也能直接迁移到未见过的更大团队,无需架构或参数更改。

英文摘要

We present NeuRIO, a streaming neural estimator for anchor-free 6-DoF relative inertial odometry using only identified inter-robot bearings, ranges, and IMU measurements. NeuRIO canonicalizes measurements into gravity-aligned coordinates, represents robots as nodes and mutual observations as factors, and uses attention for spatial reasoning and GRUs for temporal modeling. As a graph network, NeuRIO applies shared node-wise and factor-wise operators throughout the network, enabling it to handle different team sizes and time-varying observation graphs. NeuRIO is trained on a simulator that couples various motion patterns, device-level sensor characteristics, and diverse, realistic modeled, and temporally persistent sensor corruptions. In this way, NeuRIO achieves zero-shot sim-to-real transfer. Across $24$ real-world sequences, NeuRIO achieves $14.1\,\mathrm{cm}$ position RMSE and $3.9^\circ$ rotation RMSE. More importantly, NeuRIO demonstrates strong computational scalability, maintaining an update cost below $20\,\mathrm{ms}$ with up to $400$ robots in simulation, while optimization-based methods exceed $20\,\mathrm{ms}$ at only $24$ robots. Moreover, even trained on limited team sizes, NeuRIO transfers directly to unseen larger teams without architectural or parameter changes.

Comments9 pages, 4 figures

论文原文

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