发表机构
Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems; Center for Systems Biology Dresden; Ruđer Bošković Institute（马克斯·普朗克复杂系统物理研究所; 德累斯顿系统生物学中心; 鲁杰尔博什科维奇研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究揭示生长上皮通过机械挤出细胞维持稳态，产生类似屈服应力的面内压力，并在细胞面积分布中留下赝隙特征，为检测机械诱导挤出提供图像方法，并在果蝇翅上皮中得到验证。
AI 中文摘要
生长中的组织如何组织其自身的稳态是活性物质物理学中的一个核心问题。我们表明，当生长的上皮片通过机械性地将细胞挤出其平面来抵消增加的细胞密度时，一个稳态的面内压力作为屈服应力的推广而出现。我们发现，在准静态生长极限下，稳态是边缘稳定的，在局部距离挤出阈值压力的分布中存在一个赝隙。由于这种机械诱导的挤出源于单个细胞的不稳定性，赝隙被印刻在细胞面积的分布中。这提供了一种基于图像的方法来测试机械诱导挤出的存在，并且我们在果蝇（D. melanogaster）发育中的翅上皮中识别出了这一特征。我们预期相同的原理适用于受限的三维组织。
英文摘要
How a growing tissue organizes its own homeostatic state is a central question in the physics of living matter. We show that when a growing epithelial sheet counteracts increasing cell density by mechanically squeezing cells out of its plane, a homeostatic in-plane pressure emerges as a generalization of a yield stress. We find that in the quasistatic growth limit the homeostatic state is marginally stable, with a pseudogap in the distribution of local distances to the extrusion threshold pressure. Because such mechanically induced extrusions arise from an instability of individual cells, the pseudogap is imprinted in the distribution of cell areas. This provides an image-based way to test for presence of mechanically induced extrusions and we identify this signature in the developing wing epithelium of \textit{D.~melanogaster}. We expect the same principles to apply to confined three-dimensional tissues.
