发表机构
Tokyo University of Science; RIKEN; Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University（东京科学大学; 理化学研究所; 中央大学理工学部电气电子通信工程系）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究在D-Wave量子退火机上测量并分析了单量子比特和相互作用双量子比特系统的能量弛豫速率，验证了局域噪声模型，并展示了利用单比特测量预测多比特系统弛豫速率的可行性。
AI 中文摘要
在D-Wave量子退火机中，基态的多种性质已被阐明，而多量子比特激发态的能量弛豫速率在理论与实验之间的对应关系仍未被充分理解。在此，我们使用D-Wave量子退火机测量了单量子比特系统和相互作用双量子比特系统中第一激发态的能量弛豫速率。我们使用带有独立局域σᶻ型噪声通道的Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad主方程分析了测量的弛豫速率。计算得到的弛豫速率再现了实验观察到的总体趋势，在定性水平上支持了该模型。随后，我们利用非耦合单量子比特系统测量的弛豫速率来校准局域弛豫参数，并预测了相互作用双量子比特系统的弛豫速率。预测的速率与测量速率保持在约四倍因子以内。这些结果表明，对单个量子比特的弛豫测量可以为小型相互作用量子系统中的弛豫提供实用的估计，并可能有助于阐明可编程量子退火机中的弛豫机制。
英文摘要
In D-Wave quantum annealers, various properties of the ground state have been clarified, whereas the correspondence between theory and experiment for energy relaxation rates in multiqubit excited states remains insufficiently understood. Here, we measured the energy relaxation rates of the first excited states in single-qubit systems and interacting two-qubit systems using a D-Wave quantum annealer. We analyzed the measured relaxation rates using a Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad master equation with independent local $σ^{\,\,z}$-type noise channels. The calculated relaxation rates reproduced the overall trends observed experimentally, supporting the model at a qualitative level. We then used the relaxation rates measured for the uncoupled single-qubit systems to calibrate the local relaxation parameters and predict the relaxation rates of the interacting two-qubit systems. The predicted rates remained within a factor of approximately four of the measured rates. These results show that the relaxation measurements on individual qubits can provide a practical estimate of relaxation in small interacting quantum systems and may help clarify relaxation mechanisms in programmable quantum annealers.
