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arXiv 2609.21460math.NT

${\mathrm{SL}}_2(\mathbb{Z})$ 矩阵的 $L_2$-范数的算术结构

Arithmetic structure of $L_2$-norms of ${\mathrm{SL}}_2(\mathbb{Z})$ matrices

  • University of New South Wales(新南威尔士大学)
  • Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

Igor E. Shparlinski, Yixiu Xiao

AI总结:

本文研究 SL_2(Z) 矩阵的 L_2 范数(即各元素平方和)的无平方因子性,通过 δ-方法和两平方和估计得到渐近公式,并证明该范数在多数矩阵中无平方因子且素因子个数有界。

AI中文摘要:

对于矩阵 $\gamma\in\mathrm{SL}_2({\mathbb Z})$,我们定义 \\[ {\mathcal R}(\gamma)=a_1^2+a_2^2+a_3^2+a_4^2, \qquad \text{其中} \\ \gamma=\begin{pmatrix}a_1&a_2\\\\ a_3&a_4\end{pmatrix}, \\] 并令 $S_{\mathrm{sq}}(X)$ 计数满足 $\\|\gamma\\|_\infty = \max\{|a_1|, |a_2|,|a_3|,|a_4|\} \leq X$ 且 ${\mathcal R}(\gamma)$ 无平方因子的矩阵 $\gamma$ 的个数。我们证明 \\[ S_{\mathrm{sq}}(X) = {\mathfrak S}_{\mathcal R}^{\mathrm{sq}}N(X) +O(X^{19/10+o(1)}), \quad \text{当}\\ X\to \infty, \\] 其中 $N(X)=\\#\{\gamma\in{\mathrm{SL}}_2({\mathbb{Z}}):\\|\gamma\\|_\infty\leq X\}$,而 ${\mathfrak{S}}_{\mathcal{R}}^{\mathrm{sq}}$ 是局部 $p^2$-密度的显式正欧拉乘积。证明结合了小模数的 $\delta$-方法与针对大平方因子的两平方和估计。这补充了 J. B. Friedlander 和 H. Iwaniec (2009) 关于 ${\mathcal R}(\gamma)$ 素数值的结果,但该结果依赖于 Elliott--Halberstam 猜想的一个非常强的形式。我们还证明,对于至少 $cN(X)/\log X$ 个满足 $\\|\gamma\\|_\infty\le X$ 的矩阵 $\gamma\in\mathrm{SL}_2({\mathbb Z})$,${\mathcal R}(\gamma)$ 无平方因子且至多有 $9$ 个素因子,其中 $c>0$ 是绝对常数。

英文摘要:

For a matrix $γ\in\mathrm{SL}_2({\mathbb Z})$, we define \[ {\mathcal R}(γ)=a_1^2+a_2^2+a_3^2+a_4^2, \qquad \text{where} \ γ=\begin{pmatrix}a_1&a_2\\ a_3&a_4\end{pmatrix}, \] and let $S_{\mathrm{sq}}(X)$ count the number of matrices $γ$ with $\|γ\|_\infty = \max\{|a_1|, |a_2|,|a_3|,|a_4|\} \leq X$ and such that ${\mathcal R}(γ)$ is squarefree. We prove that \[ S_{\mathrm{sq}}(X) = {\mathfrak S}_{\mathcal R}^{\mathrm{sq}}N(X) +O(X^{19/10+o(1)}), \quad \text{as}\ X\to \infty, \] where $N(X)=\#\{γ\in{\mathrm{SL}}_2({\mathbb{Z}}):\|γ\|_\infty\leq X\}$ and ${\mathfrak{S}}_{\mathcal{R}}^{\mathrm{sq}}$ is an explicit positive Euler product of local $p^2$-densities. The proof combines the $δ$-method for small moduli with a sum-of-two-squares estimate for large square divisors. This complements a result of J. B. Friedlander and H. Iwaniec (2009) on prime values of ${\mathcal R}(γ)$, which, however, is conditional on a very strong form of the Elliott--Halberstam conjecture. We also show that ${\mathcal R}(γ)$ is squarefree and has at most $9$ prime divisors for at least $cN(X)/\log X$ matrices $γ\in\mathrm{SL}_2({\mathbb Z})$ with $\|γ\|_\infty\le X$, where $c>0$ is an absolute constant.

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