基于证据的分配中的优先权认证
Certifying Priority in Evidence-Based Allocation
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- National Central University（中央大学）
- Academia Sinica（中央研究院）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文研究分配规则中优先权主张的认证问题，提出链式规则需认证优先截止点、保留规则需认证资格类别，并分析认证失败时的修复措施及住房应用。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
许多分配规则优先考虑满足特定条件的申请人，这些条件包括残疾、无家可归和退伍军人身份。由于这些条件无法直接观察到，按特征对申请人进行排序的规则必须首先确定所提交的证明文件能证明什么。本文研究具有硬性但部分证据的分配问题：一份残疾证明文件可以证明残疾，但不能证明没有取消资格的租赁记录。当且仅当每个预期申请人都拥有能排除所有外部人员的可行证明文件时，该主张才是可认证的。链式规则——分数、字典序和标量排序——要求对每个优先截止点进行认证，而保留规则要求对每个资格类别进行认证。因此，分配规则选择了要认证的主张族。当认证失败时，标准修复措施会降级不受支持的链式优先权，并删除不受支持的保留标签。非空的保留资格类别当且仅当它们嵌套时，才能表示为单一链的上轮廓。一个住房申请案例说明了这些后果。
英文摘要
Many allocation rules give priority to applicants satisfying favored conditions, including disability, homelessness, and veteran status. Because these conditions are not directly observed, a rule ranking applicants by characteristics must first determine what submitted certificates prove. This paper studies allocation with hard but partial evidence: a disability document may prove disability without proving the absence of a disqualifying tenancy record. A claim is certifiable exactly when every intended claimant has a feasible certificate excluding all outsiders. Chain rules---scores, lexicographic orders, and scalar rankings---require certification of every priority cutoff, whereas reserve rules require certification of each eligibility class. Allocation rules thus select the claim family to be certified. When certification fails, canonical repairs demote unsupported chain priorities and delete unsupported reserve labels. Nonempty reserve eligibility classes can be represented as upper contours of a single chain if and only if they are nested. A housing application illustrates the consequences.
