两人成众：ADHD 开发者的基于人类与 AI 的共在实践
Two's a Crowd: Human and AI-Based Copresence for Developers with ADHD
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究通过访谈14名ADHD软件工程师，揭示其依赖人机共在维持责任感与心流、避免社交焦虑，并基于Goffman理论与SPACE框架为AI工具提出包容性设计建议。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
有效的协作与沟通对开发者的生产力和幸福感至关重要，但仍受制于注意力、内在动机和人际责任感等人类因素。这些限制对于患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的开发者尤为关键，他们在现代混合办公环境中持续面临环境障碍。尽管患有 ADHD 的开发者经常依赖协作性共在实践（如身体倍增或结对编程）来支持执行功能，但近年来智能体式 AI 编程助手的出现已开始重塑这些协作动态。为了调查患有 ADHD 的开发者如何参与基于人类和 AI 的共在实践，我们对 14 名患有 ADHD 的软件工程师进行了半结构化访谈。我们的研究结果显示，虽然传统的人与人共在提供了关键的社会支持和入职结构，但它迫使开发者不断管理职业声誉并牺牲个人隐私。相反，开发者利用新兴的人机共在实践来维持责任感和认知流畅性，而无需承受与人类观察相关的社交焦虑、绩效评判或监视。基于这些实证洞察，我们将开发者的共在实践映射到 Goffman 共在理论的核心维度和 Forsgren 等人提出的开发者生产力 SPACE 框架上，并为促进 ADHD 开发者包容性协作的 AI 工具提供了设计建议。
英文摘要
Effective collaboration and communication are vital to developer productivity and well-being, yet remain constrained by human factors such as attention, intrinsic motivation, and interpersonal accountability. These constraints are particularly vital for developers identifying with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), who navigate persistent environmental barriers in modern hybrid workplace settings. While developers with ADHD frequently rely on collaborative copresence practices (such as body doubling or pair programming) to support executive function, the recent emergence of agentic AI coding assistants has begun reshaping these collaborative dynamics. To investigate how developers with ADHD engage in human and AI-based copresence practices, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 software engineers with ADHD. Our findings reveal that while traditional human-human copresence provides critical social support and onboarding structure, it forces developers to constantly manage professional reputation and sacrifice personal privacy. Conversely, developers leverage emerging human-AI copresence to maintain accountability and cognitive flow without the social anxiety, performance judgment, or surveillance associated with human observation. Based on these empirical insights, we map developer copresence practices onto core dimensions of Goffman's copresence theory and Forsgren et al.'s SPACE framework of developer productivity, and provide design recommendations for AI-based tools that promote inclusive collaboration for developers with ADHD.
发表机构
- University of Michigan（密歇根大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
