发表机构
Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences; School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院上海天文台; 中国科学院大学前沿科学研究院基础科学与数学学院; 中国科学院大学天文学与空间科学学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出对抗物理范式，引入“宇宙Bug”概念，通过主动压力测试寻找物理构型中的可利用漏洞，并强调构型前沿与AI在探索高维构型空间中的关键作用。
AI 中文摘要
物理学传统上通过两种相互关联的活动取得进展：从观测中推断自然规律，以及检验理论预测。本视角文章提出一种新的研究范式——对抗物理——即对被视为不可逾越的物理极限进行主动的压力测试。我们引入“宇宙Bug”这一启发式概念，用以指代一种可利用的物理异常：一种可重复实现的物理构型，赋予观察者此前被认为超出可实现物理操作集合的新能力。所提出的范式目前至少涵盖三个层面：（1）在既定物理定律下主动构建复杂系统，以寻找并利用特定构型和操作组合中不可预见的漏洞；（2）主动寻找、测试并利用超出当前已知理论解释范围的异常机制，促使我们对物理规律的理解进行修正或发现新物理；（3）探索如何利用漏洞来控制或修改局部物理规则。我们进一步论证，传统上围绕能量、强度和精度前沿的搜索可能相对忽视了另一个维度——构型前沿：由复杂时间序列、相位关联、相干与纠缠态、反馈协议、拓扑结构、多尺度组织以及工程化时空或真空条件所构成的广阔物理构型空间。人工智能为探索这一高维构型空间提供了重要工具。最终目标不仅在于描绘自然的能力边界，更在于发现并利用支配自然的规律中可能存在的漏洞——包括实现控制或修改局部物理规则的物理可行途径。
英文摘要
Physics has traditionally advanced through two interrelated activities: inferring the laws of nature from observations and testing theoretical predictions. This Perspective proposes a new research paradigm -- adversarial physics -- that subjects physical limits regarded as insurmountable to active stress testing. We introduce the heuristic concept of a "cosmic bug" to denote an exploitable physical anomaly: a reproducibly realizable physical configuration that grants an observer new capabilities previously considered outside the set of achievable physical operations. The proposed paradigm currently encompasses at least three levels: (1) actively constructing complex systems under established physical laws to seek and exploit unforeseen loopholes in specific configurations and combinations of operations; (2) actively seeking, testing, and exploiting anomalous mechanisms beyond the explanatory scope of currently known theories, prompting revisions to our understanding of physical laws or the discovery of new physics; and (3) exploring how loopholes might be exploited to control or modify local physical rules. We further argue that traditional searches centered on the energy, intensity, and precision frontiers may have comparatively neglected another dimension -- the configuration frontier: the vast space of physical configurations comprising complex temporal sequences, phase correlations, coherent and entangled states, feedback protocols, topological structures, multiscale organization, and engineered spacetime or vacuum conditions. Artificial intelligence provides an important tool for exploring this high-dimensional configuration space. The ultimate aim is not merely to map nature's capability boundaries, but to discover and exploit possible loopholes in the laws governing it -- including physically realizable routes to controlling or modifying local physical rules.
Comments16 pages, two figures
