一种通过详细血流动力学和数据驱动的动态模态分解研究提出的新型涡流发生器，用于提升双叶机械心脏瓣膜性能

中文摘要 AI 辅助

人工机械心脏瓣膜（MHVs），尤其是双叶型，四十多年来一直是最先进且最常植入的心脏瓣膜之一。这些双叶机械心脏瓣膜（BMHVs）具有优异的耐久性和改善的血流动力学特性；然而，它们也存在某些缺点，包括需要终身抗凝以防止血栓形成以及相关的血栓栓塞风险。为克服这些限制，开展了全面的研究，其中通过被动干预（例如在心脏瓣膜小叶上放置（多个）涡流发生器（VGs））来控制整体血流动力学是一种可能性。已知这些涡流发生器，特别是当它们被精确定位并具有选定的设计特征时，能够延迟小叶表面形成的边界层分离。有限的研究表明，当考虑矩形涡流发生器（RVGs）时，涡流发生器能改善双叶机械心脏瓣膜之外的血流动力学。具体而言，研究了在入射角为23°时的同向旋转和反向旋转等配置；然而，它们在心脏瓣膜小叶上的位置及其形状可能至关重要，而这一方面至今尚未被探索。此外，这些涡流发生器引起的血流动力学性能改变往往可能影响多个关键临床指标，如压力梯度、湍流强度、壁面剪切应力（WSS）、血液损伤（BD）等，这些指标通常决定了机械心脏瓣膜的整体功能效率。

英文摘要

Prosthetic mechanical heart valves (MHVs), particularly the bileaflet types, have been one of the most advanced and commonly implanted heart valves for more than four decades. These bileaflet mechanical heart valves (BMHVs) offer superior durability and improved hemodynamics; however, they have certain drawbacks, including the need for lifelong anticoagulation to prevent blood clot formation and the associated risks of thromboembolism. To overcome these limitations, comprehensive research studies are deployed, among which controlling the overall hemodynamics by means of passive interventions, such as placing (multiple) vortex generators (VGs) on the heart valve leaflets, is one possibility. These VGs, in particular, are known to delay the separation of boundary layers formed around the leaflet surfaces, provided they are precisely positioned and have their chosen design features. Limited research has shown that VGs improve hemodynamics beyond a BHMV when rectangular-type VGs (RVGs) are considered. Specifically, configurations such as co-rotating and counter-rotating are investigated at an incidence angle of $23^{\circ}$; however, their location on the heart valve leaflets and their shape can prove vital, an aspect that has not been explored so far. Suffice it to add, the alteration in hemodynamic performance due to these VGs may often lead to an impact on several critical clinical indices such as the pressure gradients, turbulent intensity, wall shear stress (WSS), blood damage (BD), etc., which typically establish the overall functional efficiency of an MHV.

发表机构

• Indian Institute of Technology Ropar（印度技术研究所罗帕尔分校）

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