单平面读出康普顿相机的成像性能
Imaging performance of a Single-Plane Readout Compton Camera
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究提出并验证了一种单平面读出架构的紧凑型康普顿相机，通过光导耦合简化设计，利用模拟与实验优化，实现对511和662 keV伽马射线的高效成像，角分辨率达12.4°至16.8°。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
本文介绍了一种采用新型单平面读出架构的紧凑型康普顿相机的设计、开发与性能表征。所提出的概念通过使用光导将散射体和吸收体光学耦合到单个紧凑探测器元件中，从而简化了传统的多层康普顿相机，使得仅通过硅光电倍增管从单侧进行读出成为可能。该系统通过蒙特卡洛模拟、原型机制造以及使用标准伽马射线源的实验表征进行了验证。针对511 keV和662 keV光子的探测器性能，通过基于Geant4框架的模拟并指导事件选择策略进行了优化。事件重建依赖于与康普顿散射运动学一致的符合探测，而图像重建则采用最大似然期望最大化算法。原型机由64个探测器元件组成，排列成$8\times8$矩阵，由一个$8\times8$硅光电倍增管阵列读出。每个元件由两个GAGG:Ce闪烁体组成，通过一个20毫米长的光导耦合。测得的前层和后层能量分辨率分别为$8.9\\%\pm1.9\\%$和$10.8\\%\pm1.6\\%$。成功演示了Na-22和Cs-137源的伽马射线成像，在511 keV下实现了$12.4^\circ$--$14.3^\circ$的角分辨率，在662 keV下实现了$14.3^\circ$--$16.8^\circ$的角分辨率，证实了所提出的单平面架构在紧凑且经济高效的伽马射线成像应用中的可行性。
英文摘要
This work presents the design, development, and characterization of a compact Compton camera employing a novel single-plane readout architecture. The proposed concept simplifies conventional multilayer Compton cameras by optically coupling the scatterer and absorber into a single compact detector element using a light guide, enabling readout exclusively from one side with silicon photomultipliers. The system was validated through Monte Carlo simulations, prototype construction, and experimental characterization using standard gamma-ray sources. Detector performance for 511~keV and 662~keV photons was optimized using simulations based on the Geant4 framework, by guiding event selection strategy. Event reconstruction relied on coincidence detection consistent with Compton scattering kinematics, while image reconstruction was performed using maximum likelihood expectation maximization algorithm. The prototype comprises 64 detector elements arranged in an $8\times8$ matrix, read out by an $8\times8$ silicon photomultiplier array. Each element consists of two GAGG:Ce scintillators coupled by a 20 mm long light guide. Measured energy resolutions were $8.9\%\pm1.9\%$ and $10.8\%\pm1.6\%$ for the front and back layers, respectively. Successful gamma-ray imaging was demonstrated for Na-22 and Cs-137 sources, achieving angular resolutions of $12.4^\circ$--$14.3^\circ$ at 511~keV and $14.3^\circ$--$16.8^\circ$ at 662~keV, confirming the feasibility of the proposed single-plane architecture for compact and cost-effective gamma-ray imaging applications.
