老龄化、数字素养与沉浸式虚拟现实中的交互模态：精神运动表现、认知灵活性及其处理速度关联
Ageing, Digital Literacy, and Interaction Modality in Immer-sive Virtual Reality: Psychomotor Performance, Cognitive Flexibility, and Their Processing-Speed Association
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究探讨年龄、数字素养和交互模态对VR中精神运动及认知表现的影响，发现控制器直接触摸相对年龄梯度最陡但绝对速度最快，且处理速度部分中介年龄与认知关联。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
扩展现实（XR）日益支持训练和认知评估，然而其交互技术的年龄敏感性尚不明确。本研究考察了年龄、数字素养和交互模态作为沉浸式虚拟现实（VR）中精神运动和认知灵活性表现的相关因素。202名成年人（19-90岁）完成了五项菲茨定律任务（眼动注视、头部注视、控制器射线投射、虚拟手指和控制器直接触摸）、VR中的轨迹制作测试（TMT-VR）以及一份数字素养问卷。年龄与各模态下较慢的任务时间相关，但控制器直接触摸具有最陡峭的相对年龄梯度，然而在绝对时间上仍属于最快之列；技术改变了相对年龄敏感性，而未决定绝对效率。较高的数字素养与更快的TMT-VR完成时间相关，但与菲茨任务时间无关。基于菲茨导出的速度分数在年龄之外预测了TMT-VR表现，并部分解释了其年龄关联，这与共享的处理速度方差一致；一项探索性的全电池扩展将菲茨分数关联限制在完成时间和错误调整时间指标上，将数字素养关联限制在错误调整时间指标上，而非错误目标、平均选择距离或相对B部分指标。包容年龄的XR评估应标准化交互模态，评估而非排除空中直接选择，并应结合数字素养和精神运动速度来解读认知分数。
英文摘要
Extended reality (XR) increasingly supports training and cognitive assessment, yet the age sensitivity of its interaction techniques is unclear. This study examined age, digital literacy, and interaction modality as correlates of psychomotor and cognitive-flexibility performance in immersive virtual reality (VR). Two hundred and two adults (19-90 years) completed a five-mode Fitts' law task (eye-gaze, head-gaze, controller ray-casting, virtual finger, and controller direct touch), the Trail Making Test in VR (TMT-VR), and a digital-literacy questionnaire. Age was associated with slower task times across modes, but controller direct touch carried the steepest relative age gradient yet remained among the fastest in absolute terms; technique altered relative age sensitivity without determining absolute efficiency. Higher digital literacy was associated with faster TMT-VR completion but not Fitts task times. A Fitts-derived speed score predicted TMT-VR performance beyond age and partly accounted for its age association, consistent with shared processing-speed variance; an exploratory full-battery extension confined the Fitts-score association to completion-time and error-adjusted-time indices and the digital-literacy association to error-adjusted-time indices, not wrong-target errors, mean selection distance, or relative Part B indices. Age-inclusive XR assessment should standardise interaction modality, evaluate rather than exclude mid-air direct selection, and interpret cognitive scores alongside digital literacy and psychomotor speed.
发表机构
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens（雅典国立卡波迪斯特里阿斯大学）
- The American College of Greece（希腊美国学院）
- University of Edinburgh（爱丁堡大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
