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arXiv 2609.20597cond-mat.str-elhep-thquant-ph

Lyapunov控制的热化:一个精确的实时例子

Lyapunov-controlled thermalization: an exact real-time example

Jonas Loy, Jan C. Louw

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中文总结 AI 辅助

该研究通过SYK猝灭协议证明KMS关系不足以证明平衡,揭示了初始状态的隐藏记忆,其衰减由Lyapunov指数控制,并在大N大q极限下精确求解非平衡实时演化。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

在驱动停止后,经过验证的Kubo-Martin-Schwinger(KMS)关系并不足以证明系统处于平衡态。我们在一个大型-N大型-q Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev(SYK)猝灭协议中证明了这一点。尽管所有猝灭后的费米子关联函数都是精确热化的,但第二次猝灭回初始哈密顿量揭示了初始状态的隐藏记忆。这种记忆编码在连接到第一次猝灭之前时间的关联函数中。这种记忆是一个广延的非平衡(NEQ)见证,其衰减速率即为Lyapunov指数$\lambda_L$。因此,$\lambda_L$决定了状态变得与Gibbs态实际上不可区分的速率。尽管这是一个幺正的相互作用多体系统,但在大型-N、大型-q极限下,完整的非平衡实时演化可以精确获得,使得该设置成为分析研究热化的理想选择。

英文摘要

A verified Kubo-Martin-Schwinger (KMS) relation, after a drive has ceased, is not sufficient evidence to prove equilibrium. We demonstrate this in a large-$N$ large-$q$ Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) quench protocol. Although all post-quench fermion correlators are exactly thermal, a second quench back to the initial Hamiltonian reveals hidden memory of the initial state. It is encoded in correlators connecting to times before the first quench. This memory is an extensive nonequilibrium (NEQ) witness with its decay rate being the Lyapunov exponent $λ_L$. Thus $λ_L$ sets the rate at which the state becomes effectively indistinguishable from a Gibbs state. Despite being a unitary interacting many-body system, the complete NEQ real-time evolution is obtained exactly in the large-$N$, large-$q$ limit, making the setup ideal for analytically studying thermalization.

发表机构

  • Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München(慕尼黑大学)
  • Gesellschaft für wissenschaftliche Datenverarbeitung mbH Göttingen (GWDG)(哥廷根科学数据有限公司)

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