可扩展逻辑量子比特

中文摘要 AI 辅助

实用规模的量子计算将需要执行长而复杂的算法，其端到端错误率需远低于物理量子比特所能直接支持的水平。实现这一目标需要纠错逻辑量子比特。为使逻辑量子比特的进展可衡量且可比较，我们引入了可扩展逻辑量子比特的定义：通过重复量子纠错在长时间计算中得以保持的逻辑量子比特，具备容错通用操作能力，支持低延迟实时解码与反馈，并可根据应用需求复制到数百或数千个。我们沿着四个相互关联的维度刻画这些可扩展逻辑量子比特：可靠性、规模、能力与性能，并讨论了这些维度之间的权衡。

英文摘要

Utility-scale quantum computing will require executing long, complex algorithms with end-to-end error rates far below what physical qubits can support directly. Error-corrected logical qubits are needed to achieve this goal. To make the progress on logical qubits measurable and comparable we introduce the definition of scalable logical qubits: logical qubits preserved for long computations by repeated quantum error correction, capable of fault-tolerant universal operations with low-latency real-time decoding and feedback, and replicable to the hundreds or thousands, as required by applications. We characterize these scalable logical qubits along four coupled dimensions: reliability, scale, capability, and performance, and discuss trade-offs among these dimensions.

发表机构

• Microsoft Quantum（微软量子）
• QOLAB

机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。