大孔径夹捏天线系统中超越带宽限制的近场定位
Near-Field Localization Beyond Bandwidth Limits for Large-Aperture Pinching-Antenna Systems
- Hanbat National University（韩巴特国立大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本文针对大孔径夹捏天线系统，推导了近场定位似然函数主瓣宽度的解析表达式，并提出分层最大似然搜索方法，在散射条件下实现亚毫米级定位且无失败。
AI中文摘要：
传统的带宽受限测距在 \(c_0/(2B)\) 尺度上解析时延，然而大型分布式孔径可以通过近场载波相位分集支持更精细的定位。本文刻画了夹捏天线系统中定位似然函数的相干主瓣宽度，并表明该宽度由孔径在目标处所张的方向余弦展布决定。所得表达式恢复了经典的远场角度和菲涅尔距离标度关系，并在孔径张角较大时简化为波长量级的单元。基于这一刻画，本文开发了一种分层最大似然搜索方法，结合非相干粗定位、相干瓣选择和局部细化。在散射条件下的数值结果表明，在超过信噪比阈值时，可实现亚毫米级定位，且在测试的样本集中未出现定位失败。
英文摘要：
Conventional bandwidth-limited ranging resolves delay on the scale of \(c_0/(2B)\), yet a large distributed aperture can support substantially finer localization through near-field carrier-phase diversity. This letter characterizes the coherent main-lobe width of the localization likelihood for pinching-antenna systems and shows that it is governed by the spread of the direction cosines subtended by the aperture at the target. The resulting expression recovers classical far-field angular and Fresnel-range scalings and reduces to a wavelength-scale cell when the aperture subtends a large solid angle. Guided by this characterization, a hierarchical maximum-likelihood search is developed, combining noncoherent coarse localization, coherent lobe selection, and local refinement. Numerical results under scattering demonstrate submillimeter localization above a threshold signal-to-noise ratio without localization failures in the tested ensemble.
