发表机构
Universidade Federal do Maranhão（马拉尼昂联邦大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究通过数值求解广义 Hermitian 特征值问题，检验 Dirac 振荡子在物理宇宙弦涡旋背景上的束缚谱，发现有限核心修正可达百分之一量级，且谱包含超越渐近锥的核心轮廓信息。
AI 中文摘要
物理宇宙弦的引力场在轴上是正则的，在有限的涡旋核心区域弯曲，并且仅渐近地呈锥形。我们检验横向 Dirac 振荡子的束缚态谱是否能在理想锥近似之外分辨出这种结构。费米子被视为自洽的 Einstein--Abelian-Higgs 涡旋背景上的测试场，径向问题被表述为广义 Hermitian 特征值问题。数值公式通过与精确的 Minkowski 和理想锥谱以及独立的打靶法计算进行验证。对于一个参考涡旋族，有限核心修正从弱束缚区域增长到百分之一量级。当归一化的渐近锥保持固定时，谱仍随测量的 Higgs 核心半径变化，并且所采样的背景涵盖了基态修正符号的变化。因此，束缚态谱包含了关于已分辨核心轮廓的信息，而这些信息并非仅由渐近锥决定。
英文摘要
The gravitational field of a physical cosmic string is regular on the axis, curved across a finite vortex core, and only asymptotically conical. We test whether the bound-state spectrum of a transverse Dirac oscillator resolves this structure beyond the ideal-cone approximation. The fermion is treated as a test field on self-consistent Einstein--Abelian-Higgs vortex backgrounds, and the radial problem is cast as a generalized Hermitian eigenvalue problem. The numerical formulation is checked against the exact Minkowski and ideal-cone spectra and by independent shooting calculations. For a reference vortex family, the finite-core correction grows from the weak-confinement regime toward the percent level. When the normalized asymptotic cone is held fixed, the spectrum still varies with the measured Higgs-core radius, and the sampled backgrounds bracket a change of sign of the ground-state correction. The bound-state spectrum therefore contains information about the resolved core profiles that is not fixed by the asymptotic cone alone.
Comments14 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables
