发表机构
RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics (RAP), RIKEN; Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science; RIKEN Pioneering Research Institute (PRI), RIKEN（理化学研究所先进光子学中心; 东京科学大学物理系; 理化学研究所开创性研究本部）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过结合PINEM光谱烧孔与角度分辨能量分析，表征了多电子超短脉冲的空间非均匀时间-能量结构，发现能量展宽和啁啾率变化分别高达100%和40%，凸显了空间分辨表征及空间光整形的重要性。
AI 中文摘要
脉冲电子束的时间-能量结构的直接观测对于束流驱动光产生和超快显微成像至关重要。本研究表征了具有显著空间电荷效应的多电子超短脉冲中空间非均匀的时间-能量结构。通过结合源自光子诱导近场电子显微镜（PINEM）效应的光谱烧孔与角度分辨能量分析，我们在每个束流角度上观测到了时间-能量相关性。将该方法应用于每脉冲含多达17个电子的37-keV脉冲，我们确定了能量展宽和啁啾率，它们在整个束流上分别变化高达100%和40%。这些发现强调了以空间或角度分辨率表征多电子脉冲的重要性，并表明空间调制光可用于高通量脉冲电子束的整形。
英文摘要
Direct observation of the temporal-energy structure of pulsed electron beams is crucial for beam-driven light generation and time-resolved microscopic imaging. In this study, we characterized the spatially non-uniform time-energy structure in multi-electron ultrashort pulses exhibiting significant space-charge effects. By combining spectral hole burning originating from the photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM) effect with angle-resolved energy analysis, we observed time-energy correlations at each beam angle. Applying this method to 37-keV pulses containing up to 17 electrons per pulse, we determined energy spread and chirp rate, which vary by up to 100% and 40%, respectively, across the entire beam. These findings highlight the importance of characterizing multi-electron pulses with spatial or angular resolution and suggest the utility of spatially modulated light for the shaping of high-flux pulsed electron beams.
Comments15 pages, 5 figures
