利用量子关联进行荧光显微镜中的像差传感

中文摘要 AI 辅助

宽场荧光显微镜是一种重要的生物成像工具，但其穿透深度从根本上受到组织引起的像差限制。校正这些像差需要精确表征点扩散函数（PSF），然而现有的波前传感技术要么依赖于通常不可用的导星，要么依赖于计算量大的间接相位恢复方法，这些方法在低对比度区域可能难以奏效。在此，我们展示通过利用光子之间的量子关联，可以直接且非侵入性地绘制PSF。标准荧光团固有地表现出光子反聚束现象，有效地充当“缺失”光子对的源。通过使用单光子雪崩二极管（SPAD）阵列成像器在宽视场上捕获这些关联统计信息，我们直接从荧光发射本身提取局部PSF自相关。该方法绕过了经典强度测量的局限性，无需迭代或复杂的数值优化。我们演示了在一秒或更短时间内实现宽场直接PSF恢复，为实时操作铺平了道路。通过将量子光学概念转化为常规荧光探针，该技术为生命科学中的深组织自适应光学提供了一条稳健、直接的途径。

英文摘要

Widefield fluorescence microscopy is an essential biological imaging tool, yet its penetration depth is fundamentally restricted by tissue-induced aberrations. Correcting these requires precise characterization of the point spread function (PSF), but existing wavefront sensing techniques rely either on often-unavailable guide stars, or on computationally heavy indirect phase retrieval methods, that could struggle in low-contrast regions. Here, we show that the PSF can be mapped directly and non-invasively by exploiting quantum correlations between photons. Standard fluorophores inherently exhibit photon antibunching, effectively acting as sources of ``missing'' photon pairs. By capturing these correlation statistics across a wide field of view using a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array imager, we extract the local PSF autocorrelation directly from the fluorescence emission itself. This approach bypasses the limitations of classical intensity measurements, requiring no iterative or complex numerical optimization. We demonstrate widefield direct PSF retrieval in a second or less, paving the way for real-time operation. By translating quantum optical concepts to conventional fluorescent probes, this technique provides a robust, direct pathway to deep-tissue adaptive optics in life sciences.

发表机构

• Weizmann Institute of Science（魏茨曼科学研究所）
• Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP（索邦大学，法国国家科学研究中心，巴黎纳米科学研究所）
• Georg-August-Universität（哥廷根大学）

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