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arXiv 2609.19420cs.HC

LLM在同行评审中的使用与影响:ICML 2026随机实验与调查

Use and Effects of LLMs in Peer Review: A Randomized Experiment and Survey at ICML 2026

Sunnie S. Y. Kim, Wesley Hanwen Deng, Jennifer Wortman Vaughan, Buxin Su, Weijie Su, Alekh Agarwal, Sharon Li, Martin Jaggi, Daniel G. Goldstein, Nihar B. Shah, Miroslav Dudík

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中文总结 AI 辅助

本研究通过ICML 2026的随机实验和调查,发现LLM使用政策对评审结果影响甚微,但存在显著不合规行为,为同行评审政策设计提供启示。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

LLM正在迅速重塑同行评审,使得理解评审者如何在实践中使用它们以及不同的LLM使用政策如何影响评审结果变得至关重要。我们通过在ICML 2026(一个涉及超过24,000篇论文和17,000名评审者的重要机器学习会议)上进行的随机实验和匿名后续调查来研究这些问题。评审者被分配到禁止所有LLM使用的保守政策或允许有限辅助的宽松政策,并在主轨道的部分论文和评审者中进行随机化。政策分配对最终论文决定、论文评分和评审者信心几乎没有影响,尽管宽松政策下的评审长度增加了5.5-7%。后续调查回复(N=1,486)揭示了对LLM的多样化态度和显著的不合规行为:22.5%的保守政策评审者报告尽管有禁令仍使用了LLM,36.5%的宽松政策评审者报告至少一次明确禁止的使用。我们讨论了对未来同行评审政策和工具设计的影响。

英文摘要

LLMs are rapidly reshaping peer review, making it important to understand how reviewers use them in practice and how different LLM-use policies affect review outcomes. We investigate these questions through a randomized experiment and an anonymous post-survey at ICML 2026, a major machine learning conference involving over 24,000 papers and 17,000 reviewers. Reviewers were assigned to either a conservative policy prohibiting all LLM use or a permissive policy allowing limited assistance, with randomization among a subset of main-track papers and reviewers. Policy assignment had near-zero effects on final paper decisions, paper scores, and reviewer confidence, although reviews under the permissive policy were 5.5-7% longer. Post-survey responses (N=1,486) revealed diverse attitudes toward LLMs and substantial noncompliance: 22.5% of conservative-policy reviewers reported using an LLM despite the prohibition, and 36.5% of permissive-policy reviewers reported at least one explicitly disallowed use. We discuss implications for future peer-review policy and tool design.

发表机构

  • Microsoft Research(微软研究院)
  • University of Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚大学)
  • Google Research(谷歌研究)
  • University of Wisconsin-Madison(威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校)
  • EPFL(洛桑联邦理工学院)
  • Carnegie Mellon University(卡内基梅隆大学)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

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