AI 中文总结
本文通过比较DigComp、UNESCO框架与IDDL，区分定义胜任力与证实能力，提出IDDL作为行为评估认证层，解决真实情境中数字能力证据问题。
AI 中文摘要
数字胜任力框架定义了参与数字社会所需的知识、技能、态度和价值观。欧洲公民数字胜任力框架（DigComp）以及UNESCO数字素养和人工智能胜任力框架为政策、课程和胜任力发展提供了参考结构。生成式和代理式人工智能的增长提出了进一步的问题：知道什么构成胜任的数字行为，是否足以证明个人能够在真实的数字情境中胜任地行动？这篇概念性论文通过比较分析DigComp、UNESCO数字素养全球框架、UNESCO学生人工智能胜任力框架和国际数字驾照（IDDL）来回答该问题。论文并未将这些框架视为竞争性模型，而是区分了它们的功能。DigComp和UNESCO主要定义个人应该知道、理解、重视和能够做什么。IDDL通过评估在真实数字任务中观察到的行为所体现的数字能力，来解决随后的证据问题。其知识-能力-反思模型区分了知道应该做什么、展示所需行为以及解释其背后的判断。IDDL整合了数字技能、网络安全意识和人工智能胜任力，并将评估扩展到人工智能委托下的人类能动性。论文区分了定义的胜任力与已证实的能力，并将IDDL定位为一个可互操作的行为评估和认证层，可在国际胜任力框架的下游运作。
英文摘要
Digital competence frameworks define the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values required for participation in digital society. The European Digital Competence Framework for Citizens (DigComp) and UNESCO digital literacy and artificial intelligence competency frameworks provide reference structures for policy, curriculum and competency development. The growth of generative and agentic AI raises a further question: does knowing what constitutes competent digital behaviour provide sufficient evidence that an individual can act competently in an authentic digital situation? This conceptual paper addresses that question through a comparative analysis of DigComp, UNESCO Digital Literacy Global Framework, UNESCO AI Competency Framework for Students, and the International Digital Driving License (IDDL). Rather than treating these frameworks as competing models, the paper distinguishes their functions. DigComp and UNESCO primarily define what individuals should know, understand, value and be able to do. IDDL addresses the subsequent evidentiary problem by assessing digital capability through behaviour observed during authentic digital tasks. Its Knowledge-Capability-Reflection model distinguishes knowing what should be done, demonstrating the required behaviour, and explaining the judgement behind it. IDDL integrates Digital Skills, Cybersecurity Awareness and AI Competency, and extends assessment to human agency under AI delegation. The paper distinguishes defined competence from demonstrated capability and positions IDDL as an interoperable behavioural assessment and certification layer that can operate downstream of international competency frameworks.
