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观测并规避千克级振子上的量子反作用

Observing and evading quantum back-action on a kilogram-scale oscillator

Begüm Kabagöz, Eric Oelker, Dhruva Ganapathy, Nergis Mavalvala, Vivishek Sudhir, Vladimir Bossilkov, Joseph Betzweiser, Valery V. Frolov, Anamaria Effler, Adam Mullavey, Lisa Barsotti, Evan D. Hall, Peter Fritschel, R. Abbott, I. Abouelfettouh, R. X. Adhikari, A. Ananyeva, S. Appert, S. K. Apple, K. Arai, N. Aritomi, S. M. Aston, M. Ball, S. W. Ballmer, D. Barker, B. K. Berger, D. Bhattacharjee, G. Billingsley, S. Biscans, C. D. Blair, N. Bode, E. Bonilla, A. Branch, A. F. Brooks, D. D. Brown, J. Bryant, C. Cahillane, A. Calafat, S. R. Callos, H. Cao, E. Capote, F. Clara, J. Collins, C. M. Compton, G. Connolly, R. Cottingham, D. C. Coyne, R. Crouch, J. Csizmazia, A. Cumming, L. P. Dartez, D. Davis, N. Demos, E. Dohmen, K. L. Dooley, J. C. Driggers, S. E. Dwyer, A. Ejlli, T. Etzel, M. Evans, J. Feicht, R. Frey, W. Frischhertz, M. Fuentes-Garcia, P. Fulda, M. Fyffe, B. Gateley, T. Gayer, J. A. Giaime, K. D. Giardina, J. Glanzer, E. Goetz, R. Goetz, A. W. Goodwin-Jones, S. Gras, C. Gray, D. Griffith, H. Grote, T. Guidry, J. Gurs, J. Hanks, J. Hanson, M. C. Heintze, A. F. Helmling-Cornell, N. A. Holland, D. Hoyland, H. Y. Huang, Y. Inoue, A. L. James, A. Jamies, R. Jaume, A. Jennings, W. Jia, D. H. Jones, S. Karat, S. Karki, M. Kasprzack, K. Kawabe, N. Kijbunchoo, P. J. King, J. S. Kissel, K. Komori, A. Kontos, R. Kumar, K. Kuns, M. Landry, B. Lantz, M. Laxen, K. Lee, M. Lesovsky, F. Llamas Villarreal, M. Lormand, H. A. Loughlin, R. Macas, M. MacInnis, C. N. Makarem, B. Mannix, G. L. Mansell, R. M. Martin, K. Mason, F. Matichard, N. Maxwell, G. McCarrol, R. McCarthy, D. E. McClelland, S. McCormick, T. McRae, F. Mera, E. L. Merilh, J. R. Mérou, F. Meylahn, R. Mittleman, D. Moraru, G. Moreno, M. Nakano, T. J. N. Nelson, A. Neunzert, J. Notte, J. Oberling, T. O'Hanlon, R. Oram, C. Osthelder, D. J. Ottaway, H. Overmier, W. Parker, O. Patane, A. Pele, H. Pham, M. Pirello, J. Pullin, V. Quetschke, K. E. Ramirez, K. Ransom, J. Reyes, J. W. Richardson, M. Robinson, J. G. Rollins, C. L. Romel, J. H. Romie, M. P. Ross, B. I. Rotimi, K. Ryan, T. Sadecki, A. Sanchez, E. J. Sanchez, L. E. Sanchez, R. L. Savage, D. Schaetzl, M. G. Schiworski, R. Schnabel, R. M. S. Schofield, E. Schwartz, D. Sellers, T. Shaffer, R. W. Short, D. Sigg, B. J. J. Slagmolen, C. Soike, S. Soni, V. Srivastava, L. Sun, D. B. Tanner, M. Thomas, P. Thomas, K. A. Thorne, M. R. Todd, C. I. Torrie, G. Traylor, A. S. Ubhi, G. Vajente, J. Vanosky, A. Vecchio, P. J. Veitch, A. M. Vibhute, E. R. G. von Reis, J. Warner, B. Weaver, R. Weiss, C. Whittle, B. Willke, C. C. Wipf, J. L. Wright, V. A. Xu, H. Yamamoto, L. Zhang, M. E. Zucker

arXiv 2609.19317首次发表:更新:

AI 中文总结

本研究在LIGO的40千克反射镜上诱导亚赫兹光机模式,通过工程化暗端口量子态引入精度与反作用的相关性,部分抵消二者贡献,使共振附近观测运动减少约47%,实现了宏观系统的量子反作用规避。

AI 中文摘要

连续量子位移测量从根本上受到读出精度与测量反作用之间权衡的限制,这一权衡由海森堡不确定性原理约束。在激光干涉引力波天文台(LIGO)中,这两种量子噪声分量主导了大部分观测频带,使其成为极佳的测试平台。我们通过将40千克反射镜的差分运动囚禁在辐射压反作用主导运动的频带中,诱导出一个亚赫兹线宽的光机模式。对进入暗端口量子态的工程化处理,在精度与反作用之间引入了相关性,部分抵消了它们的贡献,使共振附近的观测运动减少了约47%。一个能够区分精度、反作用及相关性项的框架,确定了这种抑制的根源。这些结果证明了在宏观光机系统中实现量子反作用规避和量子库工程。

英文摘要

Continuous quantum displacement measurements are fundamentally limited by a trade-off between readout imprecision and measurement back-action, constrained by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. In the Laser Interferometric Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), these two quantum noise components dominate much of the observation band, making it an excellent testbed. We induce a sub-Hz-linewidth optomechanical mode by trapping the differential motion of the 40-kg mirrors in a band where radiation-pressure back-action dominates the motion. Engineering the quantum state entering the dark port creates correlations between imprecision and back-action that partially cancel their contributions, reducing observed motion near resonance by ~47%. A framework resolving the imprecision, back-action, and correlation terms identifies the origin of this suppression. These results demonstrate quantum back-action evasion and quantum reservoir engineering in a macroscopic optomechanical system.

CommentsMain text 8 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary 10 pages, 7 figures

论文原文

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