发表机构
Sandia National Laboratories（桑迪亚国家实验室）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究利用OSIRIS-REx舱体次声反演爆炸半径，校准归一化常数k，提出周期-半径快速估计式，为非烧蚀高超声速再入源特征化提供约束。
AI 中文摘要
柱状爆炸波理论通过特征爆炸半径R_0将高超声速源的次声与能量沉积联系起来，然而，在本文考察的不同公式中，标度关系R_0 = k (E_0/p_0)^(1/2)中的归一化常数k差异高达40%。这一不确定性影响了基于周期的、与次声监测相关的高空源特征化。利用2023年9月24日OSIRIS-REx样本返回舱再入产生的次声，在覆盖44-62公里源高度的39个台站观测到的周期，通过弱激波传播模型进行反演，无需预设爆炸波归一化即可获得周期反演爆炸半径R_0,obs。将R_0,obs与气动阻力能量相结合，得到中位数k = 0.396，当包含报告的周期测量不确定性时，修正自助法95%区间为0.378-0.474。这一结果与Sakurai (1965)和Jones等人 (1968)/Plooster (1970)的归一化一致，而Few (1969)则落在参考置信区间之外。然而，台站级k值表现出显著的沿轨迹结构（Spearman r_s = -0.84，p < 0.001），表明k_med是系综有效归一化，而非台站不变常数。对于这种有效非烧蚀源，马赫直径近似R_0 ~ M d_m将R_0高估了约3.4倍。基于周期的关系式R_0 = 23.99 tau - 0.73（R^2 = 0.991，MAPE = 2.3%）提供了一种快速的爆炸半径估计器，其残差未显示出可检测的高度依赖性。这些结果为类似OSIRIS-REx的非烧蚀高超声速再入提供了反演校准约束和实用的基于周期的源特征化关系，同时强调了在更广泛应用之前需要进行多事件验证。
英文摘要
Cylindrical blast wave theory relates infrasound from hypersonic sources to energy deposition through a characteristic blast radius R_0, yet the normalization constant k in the scaling R_0 = k (E_0/p_0)^(1/2) differs by up to 40% across the formulations examined here. This uncertainty affects period-based source characterization for elevated atmospheric sources relevant to infrasound monitoring. Using infrasound from the OSIRIS-REx Sample Return Capsule reentry on 24 September 2023, observed periods at 39 stations spanning source altitudes of 44-62 km are inverted through a weak-shock propagation model to obtain period-inverted blast radii R_0,obs without prescribing a blast-wave normalization. Combining R_0,obs with aerodynamic drag energy yields a median k = 0.396, with a modified-bootstrap 95% interval of 0.378-0.474 when the reported period-measurement uncertainties are included. This result is consistent with the Sakurai (1965) and Jones et al. (1968)/Plooster (1970) normalizations, while Few (1969) lies outside the reference confidence interval. However, station-level k values exhibit significant along-trajectory structure (Spearman r_s = -0.84, p < 0.001), indicating that k_med is an ensemble-effective normalization rather than a station-invariant constant. The Mach-diameter approximation R_0 ~ M d_m overestimates R_0 by a factor of ~3.4 for this effectively non-ablating source. A period-based relation, R_0 = 23.99 tau - 0.73 (R^2 = 0.991, MAPE = 2.3%), provides a rapid blast-radius estimator whose residuals show no detectable altitude dependence. These results provide inverse calibration constraints and practical period-based source-characterization relations for OSIRIS-REx-like non-ablating hypersonic entries, while highlighting the need for multi-event validation before broader application.
Comments43 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
Journal refSilber, E. A. (2026) Pure and Applied Geophysics
