发表机构
Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń; Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck; Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University（托伦哥白尼大学; 因斯布鲁克大学理论物理研究所; 奥地利科学院量子光学与量子信息研究所; 冲绳科学技术大学院大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过数值模拟揭示腔诱导相互作用与裸原子相互作用竞争，控制简并费米气体的自组织阈值及空间序类型，实现密度与配对序的交织，为探索混合光-物质系统中的多序奇异态奠定基础。
AI 中文摘要
最近的量子气体腔QED实验展示了光子与单原子跃迁以及被困在光学腔内的超冷费米子关联对的同步耦合。这实现了对密度有序和配对的同时控制。通过大规模数值模拟，我们表明在横向驱动的双组分简并费米气体中，腔诱导相互作用与裸原子-原子相互作用的竞争不仅控制了自组织的功率阈值，还控制了$\mathbb Z_2$对称性破缺的超辐射态中空间有序的类型。在排斥相互作用区间，未配对或弱配对的费米子首先通过电荷密度波不稳定性自组织，而有限动量配对仅在更强的泵浦强度下发生。相比之下，吸引性超流体经历联合的密度-配对不稳定性，直接进入具有电荷密度波和配对密度波序的交织相。在强泵浦下，光子增强的配对相互作用即使在裸接触相互作用为排斥时也能产生局域化的密度和配对序。在这个腔主导区间，强的空间局域化抑制了长程超流体相干性。我们的结果确定了腔诱导原子相互作用在支持交织费米子序中的作用，并为在高度可控的混合光-物质系统中探索具有多重序的奇异态铺平了道路。
英文摘要
Recent quantum gas cavity-QED experiments demonstrated simultaneous coupling of photons to single atom transitions as well as correlated pairs of ultracold fermions trapped inside optical cavities. This enables simultaneous control over density ordering and pairing. Using extensive numerical simulations, we show that in a transversely driven, two-component degenerate Fermi gas, the interplay of cavity-induced and bare atom--atom interactions controls not only the power threshold for self-organization, but also the type of spatial ordering in the $\mathbb Z_2$-symmetry-broken superradiant state. In the repulsive interaction regime, unpaired or weakly paired fermions first self-organize through a charge-density-wave instability, and finite-momentum pairing only occurs at much stronger pump strengths. In contrast, an attractive superfluid undergoes a joint density--pairing instability, directly entering into intertwined phase with charge-density-wave and pair-density-wave orders. At strong pumping the photon-enhanced pair interaction generates localized density and pairing order even when the bare contact interaction is repulsive. In this cavity-dominated regime strong spatial localization suppresses the long range superfluid coherence. Our results identify the role of cavity-induced atomic interactions in supporting intertwined fermionic orders and pave the way for exploring exotic states with multiple orders in highly controlled hybrid light-matter systems.
Comments34 pages, 14 figures (3 in the main text, 11 in the Supplemental Material)
