波浪驱动推进中的形状考量
Shape considerations in wave-driven propulsion
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究采用二维浅水模型，推导考虑任意方向表面波的推力表达式，并通过数值优化和形状控制（从正方形到不同纵横比椭圆）最大化波浪驱动推进的推力与效率。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
在流体表面，由振荡物体产生的不对称波场会产生推力，这被称为波浪驱动推进（WDP）。尽管该推力指向前方，但垂直振荡不可避免地会产生向各个方向辐射的侧波。在聚焦于前后波场的简化模型中，这些侧波的影响未被考虑。在本工作中，我们采用二维浅水方法，推导出考虑任意方向表面波的推力和功率表达式。在解析驱动方法的支持下，我们提出一个数值优化问题以最大化推力，并在亚临界和超临界速度区域施加适当的索末菲边界条件。二维设置使我们能够理解物体发射的侧波如何对推力和效率做出贡献。此外，我们探讨了最大推力如何依赖于物体形状，从正方形开始，随后是不同纵横比的椭圆。利用这些学习成果，我们将物体形状作为控制变量，以展示优化形状如何带来进一步的推力和效率提升。
英文摘要
At the fluid surface, an asymmetric wave field generated by an oscillating body produces thrust in what is known as wave-driven propulsion (WDP). Although this thrust is directed forward, the vertical oscillations inevitably produce waves radiating outwards in all directions. The effect of these side waves is not accounted for in simplified models focused on the fore--aft wave field. In this work, we take a two-dimensional shallow water approach, deriving thrust and power expressions that account for surface waves emitted in any direction. Supported by an analytically driven approach, we pose a numerical optimisation problem to maximise thrust, imposing appropriate Sommerfeld boundary conditions across subcritical and supercritical velocity regimes. The two-dimensional set-up allows us to understand how the side waves emitted by the body contribute to thrust and efficiency. Furthermore, we explore how maximal thrust depends on the shape of the body beginning with a square followed by ellipses of varying aspect ratios. Using these learnings, we include the shape of the body as a control variable to demonstrate how an optimised shape can lead to further thrust and efficiency gains.
