量子与统计系统中的关联测量
Measuring correlations in quantum and statistical systems
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该综述聚焦复合量子与统计系统中的关联测量，重点介绍关联指数方法，该方法可统一量化静态与动态过程中的量子及经典关联，并给出量子态、自旋系统及非平衡玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的应用示例。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
本综述讨论了复合量子与统计系统中关联测量的问题。在简要回顾描述关联的标准方法之后，重点放在关联指数方法上。后一种用于量化复合物理系统中关联强度的方法具有足够的普遍性，能够以独特的方式测量量子系统和统计系统中的关联强度，既适用于静态过程，也适用于动态过程。关联指数可以针对关联算符、约化密度矩阵以及包含所研究复合系统中关联信息的其他算符来定义。关联指数测量所有类型的关联，包括量子关联（如纠缠）以及经典关联。它们适用于表征静态和动态过程。文中给出了几个量子态以及自旋和赝自旋系统的关联指数示例。通过计算受交变场作用的囚禁玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的关联指数，举例说明了非平衡系统中关联的量化。
英文摘要
The survey discusses the problem of measuring correlations in composite quantum and statistical systems. After briefly recalling the standard methods of describing correlations, the emphasis is on the method of correlation indices. The latter method for quantifying the strength of correlations in composite physical systems is sufficiently general allowing for measuring in a unique way the correlation strength in both quantum and statistical systems, for static as well as for dynamic processes. The correlation indices, can be defined for correlation operators, reduced density matrices, and other operators containing information on correlations in the studied composite systems. The correlation indices measure all types of correlations, quantum correlations, such as entanglement, as well as classical correlations. They are applicable for characterizing static as well as dynamical processes. Examples are given of correlation indices for several quantum states and for spin and pseudospin systems. The quantification of correlations in a nonequilibrium system is exemplified by calculating the correlation index for a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate subject to the action of an alternating field.
发表机构
- Bogolubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research（博戈柳博夫理论物理实验室，俄罗斯联邦核中心）
- Instituto de Fisica de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo（圣卡洛斯物理研究所，圣保罗大学）
- Laboratory of Information Technologies, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research（信息技术实验室，俄罗斯联邦核中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
