地球地震时释放的引力能：岛弧火山作用的热量供应
Gravitational energy released when Earth quakes: Heat supply for island-arc volcanism
- College of Geodesy and Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology（山东科技大学测绘学院）
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica（中央研究院地球科学研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
该研究提出第一性原理模型，揭示俯冲带逆冲地震释放约10太瓦引力能并转化为热，为岛弧火山作用提供充足热量，解决板块构造热源悖论，强调地震活动在板块能量学中的积极作用。
AI中文摘要：
我们探讨了板块构造学中一个长期存在的悖论，该悖论涉及其起源的热力学问题：是什么为俯冲带（即地幔对流中据称较冷的一端）强烈的岛弧火山作用提供热能？我们设想了一个基于第一性原理的物理模型，追踪地幔对流中引力能（Eg）到热量的转换。该情景指出，在俯冲带上地幔中主要发生的逆冲型地震诱发了约10太瓦（TW）的大量引力能释放。这一引力能释放通常比地震能量释放大约1000倍，或接近地球总热流的四分之一，在不可逆对流过程中转化为热量后，充足地供应了岛弧火山作用。与此同时，在离散板块边界，通过正断层型地震发生了类似但相反且强度较小的约2太瓦的引力能增加。该模型解决了上述悖论，更重要的是提供了一种新范式，指出地震活动在板块构造能量学和对流地幔演化中的积极作用。
英文摘要：
We address a long-standing paradox in plate tectonics concerning the thermodynamics of its very origin: What supplies the thermal energy for the intense island-arc volcanism at the subduction zones, the supposedly cool end of the mantle convection? We surmise a first-principle physics model tracking the gravitational energy (Eg)-heat conversion within the mantle convection. The scenario points to a great amount of Eg release of ~10 TW induced by the thrust-faulting earthquakes that occur predominantly in the upper mantle at the subduction zones. Generally ~1000 times greater than the seismic energy release or nearly a quarter of the total terrestrial heat flow, this Eg release, upon conversion into heat in the irreversible convection process, supplies amply for the island-arc volcanism. Meanwhile similar but opposite and less vigorous Eg gains at ~2 TW occur at the diverging plate boundaries via the normal-faulting earthquakes. This model resolves the said paradox, and more importantly provides a new paradigm pointing to an active role of seismicity in the plate tectonic energetics and evolution of the convecting mantle.
