论小岛屿发展中国家数据中心与可再生能源的最优共址
On the Optimal Co-location of Data Centers with Renewable Energy Sources in SIDS
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文提出基于PyPSA的容量扩展框架，优化小岛屿发展中国家数据中心与可再生能源共址，通过牙买加和特立尼达案例及压力测试，揭示能源最优选址需兼顾社会标准，强调综合规划的必要性。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
数据中心的快速扩张为加勒比小岛屿发展中国家（SIDS）带来了经济机遇和系统性风险。本文开发了一个基于PyPSA的容量扩展框架，用于数据中心与可再生能源基础设施的最优共址，该框架纳入了表后电池储能、工作负载灵活性（70%/30%非灵活/灵活分配）以及多母线输电拓扑。研究考察了两个案例：特立尼达和多巴哥（单母线，92兆瓦Brechin Castle太阳能电站，5兆瓦数据中心）和牙买加（4母线138千伏JPS电网，金斯敦15兆瓦数据中心）。牙买加的最优方案部署了405兆瓦太阳能、278兆瓦风能、800兆瓦时电网级BESS和84兆瓦时表后BESS，实现了42.5%的可再生能源渗透率；特立尼达以天然气为主的最优方案未新建可再生能源，敏感性分析显示，当天然气成本高于65-70美元/兆瓦时、碳价为25-50美元/吨二氧化碳或太阳能资本支出为800美元/千瓦时，太阳能才会进入。一项事后分布鲁棒性压力测试评估了飓风韧性，一个新颖的10因素选址框架解决了SIDS缺乏数据中心专用分区法规的监管空白。结果表明，能源最优选址可能在 societal 标准（噪声、淡水压力、分区准备度）上得分较低。这证明了在小岛屿环境中需要综合规划工具。
英文摘要
The rapid expansion of data centers presents both economic opportunities and systemic risks for Caribbean Small Island Developing States~(SIDS). This paper develops a PyPSA-based capacity expansion framework for optimal co-location of data centers with renewable energy infrastructure, incorporating behind-the-meter battery storage, workload flexibility (70\%/30\% inflexible/flexible split), and multi-bus transmission topology. Two case studies are examined: Trinidad~\&~Tobago (single-bus, 92\,MW Brechin Castle solar, 5\,MW data center) and Jamaica (4-bus 138\,kV JPS network, 15\,MW data center at Kingston). Jamaica's optimum deploys 405\,MW solar, 278\,MW wind, 800\,MWh grid-scale BESS, and 84\,MWh behind-the-meter BESS, achieving 42.5\% renewable penetration; Trinidad's gas-anchored optimum builds no new RE, and a sensitivity analysis shows solar entering at gas costs above \$65--70/MWh, a carbon price of \$25--50/tCO$_2$, or solar CAPEX of \$800/kW. A post-hoc distributionally robust stress test evaluates hurricane resilience, and a novel 10-factor siting framework addresses the regulatory gap in SIDS that lack data-center-specific zoning. Results show that energy-optimal locations may score poorly on societal criteria---noise, freshwater stress, zoning readiness. This demonstrates the need for integrated planning tools in small island contexts.
发表机构
- Engineering Department M&E Partners (Barbados) Limited（M&E合作伙伴（巴巴多斯）有限公司工程部）
- Department of Computer Science The University of the West Indies（西印度群岛大学计算机科学系）
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