非回溯算子的 Alon-Boppana 界
An Alon-Boppana Bound for the Non-Backtracking Operator
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文证明了非回溯矩阵特征值模的下界,即 Alon-Boppana 型界,并应用于 Erdős-Rényi 图,验证了相关猜想,方法基于 Bethe-Hessian 行列式比较。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
对于任意固定的 $k$,我们证明了非回溯矩阵 $B$ 的第 $k$ 大特征值模的一个下界。具体来说,考虑任何局部收敛到具有根度分布 $D$ 的单模 Galton-Watson 树的确定性或随机图族,并设 $\kappa:=\mathbb E[D(D-1)]/\mathbb E[D]$。给定 $\kappa>1$ 和经验度分布的指数矩界,我们证明 $|\lambda_k(B)|\geq\sqrt{\kappa}-o_N(1)$,其中 $N$ 是顶点数。当限制在局部树状正则图时,这恢复了 Ihara-Bass 公式的一个著名推论。在特定情况下,即图通过期望度为 $d>1$ 的 Erdős-Rényi 模型生成时,这证明了 Bordenave、Lelarge 和 Massoulié 的一个猜想。为此,我们证明了图的 Bethe-Hessian 的归一化对数行列式受其局部极限的 Bethe-Hessian 的归一化对数行列式所界。如果非回溯矩阵的特征值太小,这个界会被违反。我们利用树 Green 函数递归的有效电导解释来建立这一点。
英文摘要
For any fixed $k$, we prove a lower bound on the $k$th largest modulus of an eigenvalue of the non-backtracking matrix $B$. Specifically, consider any deterministic or random family of graphs that converges locally to the unimodular Galton-Watson tree with root degree distribution $D$, and set $κ:=\mathbb E[D(D-1)]/\mathbb E[D]$. Given $κ>1$ and an exponential-moment bound on the empirical degree distributions, we show that $|λ_k(B)|\geq\sqrtκ-o_N(1)$, where $N$ is the number of vertices. When restricted to locally tree-like regular graphs, this recovers a well-known consequence of the Ihara-Bass formula. In the specific case where the graph is generated through the Erdős-Rényi model with expected degree $d>1$, this proves a conjecture of Bordenave, Lelarge, and Massoulié. To do this, we show that the normalized log-determinant of the Bethe-Hessian of the graph is bounded by that of the Bethe-Hessian of its local limit. This bound is violated if the eigenvalues of the non-backtracking matrix are too small. We establish this using an effective-conductance interpretation of the tree Green's function recursion.