发表机构
Xona Space Systems（Xona太空系统）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文扩展 ITU-R 兼容性评估方法至星载 GNSS 接收机，分析 LEO PNT 系统（如 Xona Pulsar）对传统信号 C/N0 的影响，证明其可兼容运行。
AI 中文摘要
低地球轨道（LEO）定位、导航与授时（PNT）系统在 L 波段无线电导航卫星业务（RNSS）频谱中的部署正通过商业和政府倡议迅速兴起。这些系统旨在补充传统中地球轨道（MEO）星座（如 GPS 和 Galileo），通过提供改进的卫星几何结构、更高的接收信号功率和更大的轨道多样性。与任何新的 RNSS 部署一样，确保与现有系统的兼容性对于防止有害干扰和保持既有服务至关重要。虽然针对地面 GNSS 接收机的兼容性评估已被广泛研究，但由于 MEO GNSS 星座与大多数航天器之间存在较大的分离距离，与星载接收机的兼容性受到的关注相对较少。相比之下，LEO PNT 系统在 LEO 中与其他卫星近距离运行，使得星载接收机兼容性成为一个重要的考虑因素。本文扩展了既有的 ITU-R 兼容性评估方法（最初为地面接收机开发），以适用于星载 GNSS 用户。该分析评估了在轨道环境中影响传统 GNSS 信号载噪比（C/N0）衰减的因素。结果表明，尽管星载接收机可能从附近的 LEO PNT 卫星（如 Xona 的 Pulsar 星座）接收到更高的功率电平，但它们仍可与传统 RNSS 兼容运行。
英文摘要
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) systems operating in L-band Radionavigation-Satellite Service (RNSS) spectrum are rapidly emerging through both commercial and governmental initiatives. These systems are intended to complement traditional Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) constellations, such as GPS and Galileo, by providing improved satellite geometry, higher received signal power, and greater orbital diversity. As with any new RNSS deployment, ensuring compatibility with existing systems is essential to prevent harmful interference and preserve established services. While compatibility assessments for terrestrial GNSS receivers have been studied extensively, compatibility with spaceborne receivers has received comparatively little attention due to the large separation distances between MEO GNSS constellations and most spacecraft. In contrast, LEO PNT systems operate in close proximity to other satellites in LEO, making spaceborne receiver compatibility an important consideration. This paper extends the established ITU-R compatibility assessment methodology, originally developed for terrestrial receivers, to spaceborne GNSS users. The analysis evaluates the factors affecting carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N0) degradation of legacy GNSS signals in orbital environments. Results show that, although spaceborne receivers may experience higher received power levels from nearby LEO PNT satellites, such as Xona's Pulsar constellation, they can operate compatibly alongside legacy RNSS.
Comments10 pages, 3 figures. ION GNSS+ 2026
