树的邻接谱中心与特征集之间的距离
The Distance Between the Adjacency Spectral Center and the Characteristic Set of a Tree
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究确定了所有阶数n≥3的树中,邻接谱中心与特征集之间的最大可能分离度,并给出了精确公式及极值树结构。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
设 $\mathcal S(T)$ 为树 $T$ 的邻接谱中心,$\mathcal C(T)$ 为其特征集。我们确定了所有阶数 $n\ge3$ 的树中最大可能分离度 $d(T):= \operatorname{dist}_T(\mathcal{S}(T), \mathcal{C}(T))$。记 $\Delta_n:=\max_{|V(T)|=n}d(T)$,我们证明 $\Delta_n=0\quad(3\le n\le11),\quad \Delta_{12}=1$,且 $\Delta_n=\left\lfloor\frac{n-11}{2}\right\rfloor \quad(n\ge13)$。论证基于两种有根树权之间的简单对立。端点有根路径最小化邻接谱半径,但最大化瓶颈 Perron 值。因此,用路径进行单侧替换不能减小两个中心之间的距离。定量地,这给出了尖锐估计 $|V(T)|\ge 2d(T)+11 \quad(d(T)\ge2)$。一个初步的六顶点障碍表明,不相交的中心集至少需要十二个顶点,且四叶扫帚树对每个 $n\ge12$ 都是极端的。
英文摘要
Let $\mathcal S(T)$ be the adjacency spectral center of a tree $T$, and let $\mathcal C(T)$ be its characteristic set. We determine the largest possible separation $d(T) := \operatorname{dist}_T(\mathcal{S}(T), \mathcal{C}(T))$ among trees of every order $n\ge3$. Writing $Δ_n:=\max_{|V(T)|=n}d(T)$, we prove $Δ_n=0\quad(3\le n\le11),\quad Δ_{12}=1$, and $Δ_n=\left\lfloor\frac{n-11}{2}\right\rfloor \quad(n\ge13)$. The argument rests on a simple opposition between two rooted-tree weights. An endpoint-rooted path minimizes adjacency spectral radius, but maximizes bottleneck Perron value. A one-sided replacement by a path therefore cannot decrease the distance between the two centers. Quantitatively, this gives the sharp estimate $|V(T)|\ge 2d(T)+11 \quad(d(T)\ge2)$. A preliminary six-vertex barrier shows that disjoint center sets require at least twelve vertices, and the four-leaf broom is extremal for every $n\ge12$.
发表机构
- College of Finance and Mathematics, West Anhui University(皖西学院金融与数学学院)
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