可移动波导的捏合天线系统：建模与优化
Pinching-Antenna System With Movable Waveguides: Modeling and Optimization
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文提出可移动波导的捏合天线系统，通过联合优化波导与天线位置实现高效波束成形，并设计低复杂度算法逼近性能上界，适应多用户分布。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
本文提出了一种由可移动波导（MW）驱动的捏合天线系统（PASS），其中每个波导通过柔性电缆连接，并可由驱动器线性移动。通过同时移动波导及其上的捏合天线（PA），MW驱动的PASS能够有效跟踪用户位置，并形成灵活的阵列几何结构以实现高效波束成形。我们首先考察了单用户的特殊情况，推导了最优波导位置的闭式解以及用户速率的上界。此外，我们开发了一种两步优化算法以最大化用户的可达速率，其中第一步利用推导的闭式解确定最优波导位置，第二步基于用户位置通过一维（1D）局部搜索交替优化PA位置。然后，针对一般的多用户场景，我们推导了所有用户中最小速率的上界。为了最大化最小速率，我们提出了一种低复杂度的双尺度优化算法，其中大尺度全局搜索粗略确定波导和PA位置，随后进行小尺度局部搜索以精细调整。此外，我们还研究了一种基于统计信道信息的两时间尺度优化方案，以减少波导的机械移动开销。仿真结果表明，所提方案的性能接近推导的上界。与采用密集或稀疏固定位置波导（FPW）的传统PASS以及固定位置天线（FPA）方案相比，它还能灵活适应不同的用户分布。
英文摘要
This paper proposes a movable waveguide (MW)-enabled pinching-antenna system (PASS), in which each waveguide is connected via a flexible cable and can be linearly moved by drivers. By simultaneously moving the MWs and the pinching antennas (PAs) on them, MW-enabled PASS can effectively track user locations and form flexible array geometries for efficient beamforming. We first examine the special case with a single user and derive the closed-form solutions for the optimal MW positions as well as an upper bound on the user rate. Furthermore, we develop a two-step optimization algorithm to maximize the achievable rate for the user, where the first step determines the optimal MW positions using the derived closed-form solutions, and the second step alternately optimizes the PA positions through a one-dimensional (1D) local search based on the user location. Then, for the general multi-user scenario, we derive the upper bounds on the minimum rate among all users. To maximize their minimum rate, we propose a low-complexity two-scale optimization algorithm, where the large-scale global search coarsely determines the MW and PA positions, followed by a small-scale local search to finely tune them. In addition, a two-timescale optimization scheme based on statistical channel information is investigated to reduce the mechanical movement overhead of the MWs. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves performance close to the derived bounds. It also flexibly adapts to different user distributions compared with the conventional PASS employing dense or sparse fixed-position waveguides (FPWs), as well as fixed-position antenna (FPA) schemes.
发表机构
- Peking University（北京大学）
- National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen（香港中文大学（深圳））
- Fuyao University of Science and Technology（福耀科技大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
