发表机构
Peking University; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Technion – Israel Institute of Technology（北京大学; 武汉工程大学; 华中科技大学; 广东以色列理工学院; 以色列理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究发展质心分辨理论，揭示氢原子单光子电离中光学轨道角动量主要转移至质心（质子），反冲是OAM转移的关键，且电子涡旋态依赖于制备条件。
AI 中文摘要
理解光学轨道角动量（OAM）如何转移到物质，需要在处理内部电子动力学的同时考虑反冲和平动。我们发展了一个质心分辨的、由单色拉盖尔-高斯光束引发的氢单光子电离理论，并表明固定靶模型中预测的贝塞尔涡旋光电子是一个依赖于制备条件的极限。对于尖锐定义的原子质心动量，反冲记录了光子锥方位角，对其求迹通常会破坏纯电子涡旋所需的相干性。在小横向延迟区域，光学OAM主要转移到质心运动，因此在实验室参考系中转移到质子。有限延迟修正重新分配质心运动和相对运动之间的角动量，而电子和质子角动量的额外关联贡献可通过原子质心的空间不确定性进行调谐。这些结果揭示了原子反冲是光电离中OAM转移的关键要素。
英文摘要
Understanding how optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) is transferred to matter requires treating recoil and translational motion alongside the internal electronic dynamics. We develop a center-of-mass-resolved theory of one-photon ionization of hydrogen by a monochromatic Laguerre--Gaussian beam and show that the Bessel-vortex photoelectron predicted in fixed-target models is a preparation-dependent limit. For a sharply defined atomic center-of-mass momentum, the recoil records the photon-cone azimuth, and tracing over it generally destroys the coherence required for a pure electron vortex. In the small-transverse-retardation regime, the optical OAM is transferred predominantly to the center-of-mass motion and hence, in the laboratory frame, to the proton. Finite-retardation corrections redistribute angular momentum between center-of-mass and relative motion, while an additional correlation contribution to the electron and proton angular momenta can be tuned through the spatial uncertainty of the atomic center of mass. These results reveal atomic recoil as a key element of OAM transfer in photoionization.
Comments6 pages, 3 figures
