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arXiv 2609.16810cs.RO

高维空间中的运动规划:通过位置-方向解耦混合RRT与HAR

Motion planning in high dimensional spaces hybridizing RRT and HAR via position-direction decoupling

  • Centre Inria at Université Côte d’Azur(Inria中心,蔚蓝海岸大学)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

Frederic Cazals, Nelson Feyeux

AI总结:

针对高维空间路径规划难题,提出解耦位置与方向的RRT与HAR混合方法,并引入稀疏移动策略,在复杂多机器人规划中显著提速。

AI中文摘要:

高维空间的探索仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题,尤其是在存在狭窄通道和小间隙的情况下。我们提出了新颖的基于采样的高维空间路径规划方法,通过将待扩展的点与扩展方向解耦,结合了快速探索随机树(RRT)和Hit-and-Run(HAR)随机游走。我们还证明了RRT和HAR是通用算法的特例,该算法分别耦合了用于点和方向扩展的偏差。我们进一步研究了一种稀疏移动策略,其中每一步仅移动机器人的一部分p_r,这有助于RRT和所提出的HAR算法处理杂乱实例。针对两类模型进行了测试:3D中的经典钢琴搬运问题,以及涉及数十个刚性域相对运动的复杂分子系统——后者被视为独立机器人探索运动空间SE(3)N。在标准笔记本电脑上,我们的算法在几秒内解决了多达64个机器人和384个自由度的实例。最后,我们建议将我们的方法之一HARF作为复杂多机器人规划问题的首选方法,其速度比经典RRT(每一步移动所有机器人)快两个数量级——当经典RRT能够成功时,并且在大多数实例中,当两者都使用最佳p_r时,HARF仍然快达2.4倍。

英文摘要:

The exploration of high-dimensional spaces remains a challenging problem, in particular in the presence of narrow passages and small clearances. We propose novel sampling-based path-planning methods for high-dimensional spaces combining Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT) and Hit-and-Run (HAR) random walks by decoupling the point being extended from the direction of extension. We also show that RRT and HAR appear as special cases of a generic algorithm coupling the biases used for the point and direction extension, respectively. We further study a sparse-move strategy in which only a fraction p_r of the robots is moved at each step, helping both RRT and the proposed HAR algorithms handle cluttered instances. Tests are presented for two families of models: classical piano mover problems in 3D, and complex molecular systems involving tens of rigid domains moving relatively to one another -- the latter viewed as independent robots exploring the motion space SE(3)N . Within seconds on a standard laptop, our algorithms solve instances with up to 64 robots and 384 degrees of freedom. We conclude by suggesting one of our methods, HARF, as the method of choice for complex multi-robot planning problems, being up to two orders of magnitude faster than the classical RRT moving all robots at each step--when it succeeds at all, and still up to 2.4 fold faster on most instances when both use their best p_r.

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