发表机构
University of California, Davis（加州大学戴维斯分校）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究利用多源遥感和地理空间框架分析2019年金凯德火灾对加州葡萄园的影响，发现葡萄园光谱影响较低但恢复力有限，为工作型景观提供可复制的决策支持模板。
AI 中文摘要
工作型农业景观常被视为野火灾害的背景，尽管它们是受管理的燃料马赛克、生产性资产和区域基础设施系统的一部分。我们利用一个开放的、事件锚定的地理空间框架，研究了加州索诺玛县2019年由电力引发的金凯德火灾期间葡萄园的野火恢复力，该框架覆盖了4,581个葡萄园地块（8,813.2公顷）、野生植被、调查过的建筑物、道路、上空烟雾和火灾后绿度。在原生决策尺度上分析了Sentinel-2、OpenET、gridMET、土壤、地形、NOAA烟雾多边形、点火日期OpenStreetMap网络和三维数据清单。葡萄园像素在火灾边界内的描述性dNBR显著低于野生像素（平均值分别为0.130和0.337）。这种对比并未识别出普遍的葡萄园防火带效应：一个分段聚类的边界模型在100米处给出了小的负对比（tau = -0.0166），但随带宽变化、斜率连续性失败、在100米环形区域中消失，并产生了错误符号的安慰剂结果。一个250米的空间GAM逆转了无条件模式：在控制位置、地形和用水后，葡萄园比例与dNBR正相关，而残差Moran's I仍为0.519。除了光谱影响外，所有测绘的葡萄园至少有一天与上空烟雾相交（每地块平均7.78个潜在烟雾日），34.2%的道路网络节点是死胡同，且边界内的葡萄园到2021年表现出更大的绿度赤字（恢复比率内部为0.815，外部为0.854）。因此，较低的直接光谱影响并不意味完全恢复力。该研究提供了一个可复制的城乡信息学模板，用于区分描述性对比、条件关联、暴露指标和恢复证据，以支持工作型景观中的决策。
英文摘要
Working agricultural landscapes are often treated as background to wildfire disasters, even though they are managed fuel mosaics, productive assets, and parts of regional infrastructure systems. We examine vineyard wildfire resilience during the electrically initiated 2019 Kincade Fire in Sonoma County, California, using an open, event-anchored geospatial framework spanning 4,581 vineyard fields (8,813.2 ha), wildland vegetation, surveyed structures, roads, overhead smoke, and post-fire greenness. Sentinel-2, OpenET, gridMET, soils, terrain, NOAA smoke polygons, an ignition-date OpenStreetMap network, and three-dimensional data inventories were analyzed at native decision scales. Vineyard pixels showed substantially lower descriptive dNBR than wildland pixels inside the perimeter (means 0.130 and 0.337). This contrast did not identify a universal vineyard firebreak effect: a segment-clustered boundary model gave a small negative contrast at 100 m (tau = -0.0166) but changed across bandwidths, failed slope continuity, disappeared in a 100 m donut, and produced a wrong-signed placebo. A 250 m spatial GAM reversed the unconditional pattern: after conditioning on location, terrain, and water use, vineyard fraction was positively associated with dNBR, while residual Moran's I remained 0.519. Beyond spectral impact, all mapped vineyards intersected overhead smoke on at least one day (mean 7.78 potential smoke-days per field), 34.2% of road-network nodes were dead ends, and inside-perimeter vineyards showed a larger greenness deficit through 2021 (recovery ratios 0.815 inside and 0.854 outside). Lower immediate spectral impact therefore did not imply complete resilience. The study provides a reproducible urban-rural informatics template separating descriptive contrasts, conditional associations, exposure indicators, and recovery evidence for decisions in working landscapes.
Comments18 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables. Preprint submitted to Frontiers. Data: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22713181 Code: https://github.com/MohammadrezaNarimaniUCDavis/Kincade_Vineyard_Wildfire_Resilience
