发表机构
University of Kurdistan（库尔德斯坦大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出新型巴罗全息暗能量（NBHDE）作为标准HDE的二阶展开，在未来事件视界截断下验证其与BHDE的一致性，并发现巴罗修正显著影响暗能量状态方程，但可通过调整参数c补偿对哈勃率的影响。
AI 中文摘要
我们将新型巴罗全息暗能量（NBHDE）表述为标准全息暗能量（HDE）极限附近巴罗熵修正的二阶展开，并采用未来事件视界作为红外截断。将巴罗因子写成指数形式后，识别出$(Δ/2)\ln S_{\rm BH}$（而非单独的$Δ$）为展开参数。在包含无压物质和NBHDE且无宇宙学常数的平坦宇宙中，我们推导了背景方程，建立了与未来事件视界积分定义的一致性，并在$Δ=0$时精确恢复HDE。我们评估了该近似与未展开的巴罗全息暗能量（BHDE）密度在局部及通过独立归一化的背景演化中的一致性。在$0.50\leq c\leq1.20$和$0\leqΔ\leq0.003$范围内，最大分数密度差在$-0.99\leq z\leq5$上低于$1\\%$，而归一化哈勃率在$0\leq z\leq5$上差异小于$0.074\\%$。在此域内，巴罗修正对膨胀率和加速度转变影响较小，但对暗能量状态方程和幻影穿越影响更强。在$c=0.80$时，$w_{d0}$从HDE中的$-1.031$偏移至$Δ=0.003$时的$-0.900$。我们与36个光谱宇宙计时器（CC）测量进行了条件比较。在固定$H_0=67.4\\,{\rm km\\,s^{-1}\\,Mpc^{-1}}$和$Ω_{m0}=0.30$时，最小值位于$Δ=0$和$c=0.8457$的HDE边界上。在$Δ=0.003$时对$c$最小化得到$c_{\min}=0.6879$，且$Δχ_{\rm CC}^2\simeq1.0\times10^{-3}$。因此，NBHDE在HDE极限附近提供了一个自洽、定量可控的框架，表明巴罗修正可以改变暗能量行为，即使其对$H(z)$的影响在很大程度上通过改变$c$得到补偿。
英文摘要
We formulate new Barrow holographic dark energy (NBHDE) as a second-order expansion of the Barrow entropy correction near the standard holographic dark energy (HDE) limit, adopting the future event horizon as the infrared cutoff. Writing the Barrow factor in exponential form identifies $(Δ/2)\ln S_{\rm BH}$, rather than $Δ$ alone, as the expansion parameter. In a flat universe containing pressureless matter and NBHDE without a cosmological constant, we derive the background equations, establish consistency with the integral definition of the future event horizon, and recover HDE exactly at $Δ=0$. We assess this approximation against the unexpanded Barrow holographic dark energy (BHDE) density, locally and through independently normalized background evolutions. Across $0.50\leq c\leq1.20$ and $0\leqΔ\leq0.003$, the maximum fractional density difference remains below $1\%$ over $-0.99\leq z\leq5$, while the normalized Hubble rates differ by less than $0.074\%$ over $0\leq z\leq5$. Within this domain, the Barrow correction modestly changes the expansion rate and acceleration transition but more strongly affects the dark energy equation of state and phantom crossing. At $c=0.80$, $w_{d0}$ shifts from $-1.031$ in HDE to $-0.900$ at $Δ=0.003$. We perform a conditional comparison with 36 spectroscopic cosmic chronometer (CC) measurements. At fixed $H_0=67.4\,{\rm km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}$ and $Ω_{m0}=0.30$, the minimum lies on the HDE boundary at $Δ=0$ and $c=0.8457$. Minimizing over $c$ at $Δ=0.003$ gives $c_{\min}=0.6879$, with $Δχ_{\rm CC}^2\simeq1.0\times10^{-3}$. NBHDE therefore provides a self-consistent, quantitatively controlled framework near the HDE limit, showing that Barrow corrections can alter dark energy behavior even when their effect on $H(z)$ is largely compensated by changing $c$.
Comments21 pages, 8 figures
