约束量子引力对演化暗能量的预测
Constraining quantum-gravity predictions for evolving dark energy
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究用DESI和Pantheon+数据检验群场论量子引力暗能量模型，发现对数分支接近宇宙学常数，振荡分支可解释距离数据偏好，为量子引力模型提供首次观测约束。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们将群场论（GFT）量子引力中涌现的一类暗能量状态方程，与DESI数据发布2的重子声学振荡以及Pantheon+型Ia超新星数据进行对比。我们引入了采样参数化方法，用背景探针更直接测量的组合替换微观初始条件参数。GFT解分为对数分支、幂律分支和振荡分支，由微观相互作用参数$m$决定。对数分支被约束为极其接近宇宙学常数，而幂律分支允许小的幻影偏离。在没有微扰理论先验的情况下，振荡解可以重现距离数据在$z\simeq0.5$--$1$附近对$w(z)$下降的轻微偏好。轮廓似然约束倾向于从BAO和超新星得到$m\sim-2$和$m\sim-5$，当包含CMB信息时，则转向$m\sim-3.5$。保守的微扰先验强烈抑制了这些相对于$\Lambda$CDM的偏离。与量子引力原子平均数量相关的量子引力尺度$z_q$仍然不受约束，尽管它在时间演化中的作用使得更高红移的观测成为探测它的有前景的途径。我们进一步发现，强烈的投影效应凸显了在边际后验约束之外进行似然轮廓分析的重要性。我们的结果提供了对GFT启发的动力学暗能量的首次直接测试，并展示了宇宙学观测为量子引力模型构建提供信息的潜力。
英文摘要
We confront a class of dark-energy equations of state emerging from group field theory (GFT) quantum gravity with DESI Data Release 2 baryon acoustic oscillations and Pantheon+ type-Ia supernovae. We introduce sampling parametrisations that replace microscopic initial-condition parameters by combinations more directly measured by background probes. The GFT solutions separate into logarithmic, power-law and oscillatory branches, determined by the microscopic interaction parameter $m$. The logarithmic branch is constrained to lie extremely close to a cosmological constant, while the power-law branch permits a small phantom deviation. Without perturbative-theory priors, oscillatory solutions can reproduce the mild preference of the distance data for a dip in $w(z)$ near $z\simeq0.5$--$1$. Profile-likelihood constraints favour $m\sim-2$ and $m\sim-5$ from BAO and supernovae, shifting towards $m\sim-3.5$ when CMB information is included. Conservative perturbative priors strongly suppress these deviations from $Λ$CDM. The quantum-gravity scale $z_q$, related to the average number of quantum gravity atoms, remains unconstrained, although its role in the time evolution makes higher-redshift observations a promising route to probing it. We further find that strong projection effects highlight the importance of performing likelihood profiling alongside our marginal posterior constraints. Our results provide a first direct test of GFT-motivated dynamical dark energy and demonstrate the potential for cosmological observations to inform quantum-gravity model building.
发表机构
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh（爱丁堡大学天体物理研究所）
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo（东京大学宇宙物质理论研究国际中心（WPI））
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University（冲绳科学技术大学院大学）
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