发表机构
New York University（纽约大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出利用单原子质心波函数构造天线，在自由空间中实现强耦合，达到腔量子电动力学水平，并实现单原子镜、亚/超辐射及任意散射。
AI 中文摘要
原子与电磁场单模之间的相干且高效的光-物质界面对于量子技术至关重要。传统上，这些系统采用光学腔或波导来隔离特定的光模式，但一种更新的方法是从有序排列的被困超冷原子中设计天线，这些原子表现出可控且定向的散射。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种从单个原子的质心波函数设计天线的方法，该方法可以产生定向发射，从而在自由空间中与目标光模式表现出强耦合。我们预测，由此产生的单原子协同性可以与光学腔和波导量子电动力学实验中的当前最先进水平相媲美。基于这种方法，我们展示了波包天线在线性响应区域内成为单原子镜。我们研究了这种发射体链的修正偶极-偶极相互作用和能带结构，这些发射体可以在远大于光波长的间距下表现出亚辐射和超辐射。将我们的方法扩展到多能级原子，我们提出了一种从单个原子实现任意空间散射的方法，包括单向自发发射。最后，我们阐明了我们的方法如何增强紧密捕获原子的常规阵列中的协同散射。
英文摘要
Coherent and efficient light-matter interfaces between an atom and a single mode of the electromagnetic field are essential for quantum technologies. Traditionally, these systems employ optical cavities or waveguides to isolate a specific mode of light, but a more recent approach is to engineer antennas from ordered configurations of trapped ultracold atoms that exhibit controllable and directed scattering. In this work, we propose a method to engineer an antenna from the center-of-mass wavefunction of a single atom, which can produce directed emission and thereby exhibit strong coupling to a target mode of light in free space. We predict that the resulting single-atom cooperativity can be comparable to the current state of the art in optical cavity and waveguide QED experiments. Building on this approach, we show that a wavepacket antenna becomes a single-atom mirror in the linear response regime. We study the modified dipole-dipole interactions and band structure of chains of such emitters, which can exhibit sub- and superradiance at spacings much larger than the wavelength of the light. Extending our approach to multi-level atoms, we propose a method to achieve arbitrary spatial scattering from a single atom, including uni-directional spontaneous emission. Finally, we elucidate how our approach can enhance cooperative scattering in conventional arrays of tightly trapped atoms.
