在CERN大型强子对撞机可用能量下A-A碰撞中第二次相变的存在性：一种物理解释
Existence of a second phase transition in A-A collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider: A physical interpretation
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- Departamento de Fisica de Particulas, Universidale de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto Galego de Fisica de Atlas Enerxias(IGFAE)（圣地亚哥-德孔波斯特拉大学粒子物理系和加利西亚高能物理研究所）
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University（普渡大学物理与天文系）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文通过弦硬核逾渗模型解释重离子和质子-质子碰撞中的流体行为，提出两个临界温度对应两次相变，并得到实验数据支持。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
在重离子和$pp$碰撞中产生的物质的流体行为意味着，在弹体和靶体组分之间拉伸的弦应具有硬核，从而在它们之间产生排斥力。研究表明，在这些碰撞中存在两个临界弦密度，一个对应于已被充分研究的弦的逾渗，另一个对应于弦硬核的逾渗。这两个临界密度与两个临界温度相关，其中一个T $\sim$ 160 MeV对应于手征对称性恢复和部分退禁闭，而第二个转变T $\sim$ 220 MeV则使强相互作用的QCD物质的流体行为转变为夸克和胶子的准自由气体。这一论点得到了最近发表的关于在pp和A-A碰撞中高于退禁闭温度时自由度突然增加的结果的支持。
英文摘要
The observed fluid behavior of the matter produced in heavy ion and $pp$ collisions implies that the strings stretched between the constituents of the projectile and target should have a hard core giving rise to a repulsion between them. It is shown that in these collisions there are two critical string densities, one corresponding to the well studied percolation of strings and another to the percolation of the hard core of the strings. These two critical densities are related to two critical temperatures, one T $\sim $ 160 MeV would correspond to the restoration of chiral symmetry and partial deconfinement and a second transition T $\sim $ 220 MeV form the fluid behavior of QCD matter strongly interacting to a quasi free gas of quarks and gluons. This argument is supported by the recently published results on the sudden increase in the degrees of freedom above the deconfinement temperature in pp and A-A collisions.
