AI系统能否拥有自由意志？
Can AI systems have free will?
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
本文借鉴丹尼特思想，提出判断AI是否拥有自由意志应看其是否被视为有意向性主体且具备选择与控制能力，而非依赖神秘属性或不可预测性。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
尽管关于AI系统能否作为道德主体运作或获得感知能力的讨论很多，但关于AI系统能否拥有自由意志的讨论却很少。我借鉴丹尼尔·丹尼特的工作，勾勒出一个思考这个问题的框架。我认为，要确定一个AI系统是否拥有自由意志，我们不应寻找某种神秘属性，不应期望其底层算法是非确定性的，也不应询问该系统是否不可预测。相反，我们应简单地询问，我们是否有充分的解释性理由将该系统视为一个意向性主体，具有在替代可能性之间进行选择的能力，并对其产生的行动具有控制力。如果答案是“是”，那么该系统在实用且具有诊断意义的意义上就被视为拥有自由意志。
英文摘要
While there has been much discussion of whether AI systems could function as moral agents or acquire sentience, there has been very little discussion of whether AI systems could have free will. I sketch a framework for thinking about this question, inspired by Daniel Dennett's work. I argue that, to determine whether an AI system has free will, we should not look for some mysterious property, expect its underlying algorithms to be indeterministic, or ask whether the system is unpredictable. Rather, we should simply ask whether we have good explanatory reasons to view the system as an intentional agent, with the capacity for choice between alternative possibilities and control over the resulting actions. If the answer is "yes", then the system counts as having free will in a pragmatic and diagnostically useful sense.
发表机构
- Munich Center for Mathematical Philosophy, LMU Munich（慕尼黑大学慕尼黑数学哲学中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
