软材料接触力学与摩擦：一种结合多轴动态驱动/测量与原位/操作中可视化的装置
Contact mechanics and friction of soft materials: an apparatus combining multi-axes dynamical actuation/measurement and in situ/in operando visualisation
- CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon（法国国家科学研究中心，里昂中央理工学院）
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS（里昂第一大学，法国国家科学研究中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本文介绍一种新型软材料接触力学与摩擦试验装置，具备五自由度驱动和原位光学监测能力，可模拟丰富载荷条件，并通过弹性体实验验证其性能。
AI中文摘要：
涉及凝胶、橡胶或人体皮肤等软材料的接触界面的力学与摩擦问题既具有基础研究价值，也具有应用意义。得益于对接触界面的原位观察，该领域近期取得了新的认识。然而，现有的面向软材料的摩擦试验机仅能为接触提供少数几个自由度的驱动，远不能覆盖真实摩擦学接触中丰富多样的载荷条件。在此，我们介绍一种专门用于研究软材料接触力学与摩擦的装置，该装置除了能够对界面进行原位/操作中光学监测外，还能沿五个自由度同时进行驱动：三个平移和两个旋转。虽然所有三个平移方向均具备大速度/大行程运动能力，但负责法向接触加载的平移方向还能施加高频/小振幅振动。接触的动态响应通过一个六轴力/力矩传感器和一个六轴位移/旋转传感器进行监测。我们首先描述了该装置的结构、实现、对准、校准和分辨率。随后，通过一系列在弹性体接触上的实验展示了其能力。我们的装置将有助于研究在丰富且与摩擦学相关的运动学或动力学刺激下各种软界面的力学行为。
英文摘要：
The mechanics and friction of contact interfaces involving soft materials like gel, rubber or human skin are of both fundamental and applied interest. Recent insights have been made into this field thanks to in situ observations of the contact interface. However, current soft-material-oriented tribometers enable only few degrees of freedom for the actuation of the contact, far from covering the richness of the loading conditions relevant to real tribological contacts. Here, we introduce an apparatus dedicated to the study of the contact mechanics and friction of soft materials which, in addition to in situ / in operando optical monitoring of the interface, enables simultaneous actuation along five degrees of freedom: three translations and two rotations. While all three translations feature large velocity/large stroke motion, the one responsible for normal contact loading can also apply high frequency/small amplitude vibrations. The contact's dynamical response is monitored using both a 6-axes force/torque sensor and a 6-axes displacement/rotation sensor. We first describe the structure of the apparatus, its implementation, alignment, calibration and resolutions. We then illustrate its capabilities through a series of experiments on elastomer contacts. Our apparatus will be useful to investigate the mechanics of a wide range of soft interfaces submitted to rich, tribology-relevant kinematic or dynamic stimuli.
