发表机构
Gulliver UMR CNRS 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University; Quantum Universe Center, Korea Institute for Advanced Study; Institut Lumière Matière UMR5306 - UCBL - CNRS; Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg（巴黎高等物理化工学院; 韩国高等研究院; 里昂第一大学; 卢森堡大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出主动活塞仅通过周期性压缩即可提取功，无需改变系统体性质，通过自对准粒子弹性网络验证，并揭示关键响应系数与相图重入现象，为远离平衡态发动机设计提供新原理。
AI 中文摘要
活性物质容易发明出规避平衡态热力学约束的协议。我们提出了主动活塞，它仅通过周期性压缩即可提取功，而无需改变系统的任何体性质。此类活塞必然将外部操作者施加的扰动与活性组分内部的某些自由度耦合。我们以由自对准运动粒子组成的弹性网络为例来说明这一设计原理。对于慢速协议，当内部活性超过由涨落控制的特定阈值时，自对准总是能压倒机械摩擦。我们确定了有助于划分功提取区域的关键响应系数，并揭示相应的相图遵循一条主曲线，且在噪声幅度方面具有重入现象。总体而言，我们的主动活塞体现了一种新颖的设计原理，对构建远离平衡态的创新型发动机具有广泛意义。
英文摘要
Active matter is liable to invent protocols that evade the constraints of equilibrium thermodynamics. We put forward active pistons that extract work by periodic compression alone without changing any bulk property of the system. Such pistons necessarily couple the perturbation imposed by an external operator with some degrees of freedom internal to active components. We illustrate this design principle with elastic networks composed of self-aligning motile particles. For slow protocols, self-alignment always overwhelms mechanical friction when the internal activity exceeds a specific threshold controlled by fluctuations. We identify the key response coefficient that helps delineate regimes of work extraction, and reveal that the corresponding phase diagram follows a master curve with re-entrance in terms of noise amplitude. Overall, our active pistons embody a novel design principle with broad implications for building innovative engines far from equilibrium.
