确定少数角度的点集几乎位于直线或圆上
Point sets determining few angles are almost contained in a line or circle
- Tel Aviv University(特拉维夫大学)
- TU Graz(格拉茨工业大学)
- Johann Radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics(约翰·拉顿计算与应用数学研究所)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。
AI总结:
本文证明平面点集若确定少量固定角度,则几乎位于直线或圆上,并由此回答Corrádi-Erdős-Hajnal问题:非共线n点集至少确定n-2个角度,且唯一极值构型为正n边形。
AI中文摘要:
我们证明了关于 $\mathbb R^2$ 中确定少量固定角度(pinned angles)的点集的一个结构定理。更精确地,我们证明了存在绝对常数 $c>0$,使得当 $n$ 足够大且 $P$ 是 $n$ 个点的集合时,存在一点 $q \in P$,它到 $P$ 中其他点对确定了至少 $n^{1+c}$ 个不同角度,前提是 $P$ 不属于以下例外形式之一:$P$ 中除至多一个点外其余点位于一条直线上;$P$ 中除两个点外其余点位于一条直线上,且这两个例外点关于该直线对称;$P$ 中所有点位于一个圆上;$P$ 中除一个点外其余点位于一个圆上,且该例外点是圆的圆心。作为推论,我们回答了 Corrádi、Erdős 和 Hajnal 的一个问题,证明了若 $n$ 足够大且 $P \subseteq \mathbb R^2$ 的基数为 $n$ 且不包含在一条直线上,则 $P$ 至少确定 $n-2$ 个角度。此外,我们证明了达到这个最小值的唯一点集是正 $n$ 边形。
英文摘要:
We prove a structural theorem for point sets in $\mathbb R^2$ which determine few pinned angles. More precisely, we prove the existence of an absolute constant $c>0$ such that if $n$ is sufficiently large and $P$ is a set of $n$ points then there exists a point $q \in P$ which determines at least $n^{1+c}$ distinct angles to other pairs of points of $P$, provided that $P$ is not of one of the following exceptional forms: all but at most one of the points of $P$ lie on a line; all but two points of $P$ lie on a line, and the two exceptional points are symmetric with respect to the line; all the points of $P$ lie on a circle; all but one of the points of $P$ lie on a circle, and the exceptional point is the centre of the circle. As a consequence, we answer a question of Corrádi, Erdős and Hajnal by showing that if $n$ is sufficiently large and $P \subseteq \mathbb R^2$ has cardinality $n$ and is not contained on a single line, then $P$ determines at least $n-2$ angles. Moreover, we prove that the unique point set attaining this minimum is the regular $n$-gon.