发表机构
University of Connecticut; Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona; California Institute of Technology; University of Sheffield; Diamond Light Source; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory（康涅狄格大学; 亚利桑那大学怀特光学科学学院; 加州理工学院; 谢菲尔德大学; 钻石光源; 太平洋西北国家实验室）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
提出高斯溅射叠层成像，用高斯基元表示物体和探针，抑制模式漂移并恢复低频相位，内存减少14倍，适用于多种叠层成像并能在低剂量下解析原子结构。
AI 中文摘要
叠层成像通过协同设计光学与计算，突破了透镜的极限。然而，现有实现通常在像素网格上进行重建，其中弱约束模式会发生漂移，且恢复过程需要冗余数据。在此，我们提出高斯溅射叠层成像，将物体和探针表示为高斯基元。重新定位使基元集中于结构密集区域，而重叠的基元耦合相邻像素以抑制模式漂移。该方案意外地恢复了传统方法丢失的低频相位，从而实现了跨空间频率的均匀相位传递。探针在其光瞳平面内从随机起点进行表示和更新。在傅里叶叠层成像中，光瞳平面模型能够恢复像素网格求解器无法处理的严重像差。在传统光学、X射线和电子叠层成像中，光瞳平面基元同样无需光束形成光学模型即可恢复实空间探针。该表示将内存占用减少多达14倍，并能从更少的采集次数中恢复样本。在电子波长下，它能够在每平方埃数十个电子的剂量下解析原子结构。
英文摘要
Ptychography overcomes the limits of lenses by co-designing optics and computation. Yet prevailing implementations reconstruct on a pixel grid, where weakly-constrained modes drift and recovery demands redundant data. Here we introduce Gaussian-splatting ptychography, representing object and probe as Gaussian primitives. Relocation concentrates primitives where structure is dense, and overlapping primitives couple neighbouring pixels to suppress mode drift. The scheme unexpectedly restores the low-frequency phase that conventional approaches lose, enabling uniform phase transfer across spatial frequencies. The probe is represented and updated in its pupil plane from a random start. In Fourier ptychography, the pupil-plane model recovers severe aberrations where pixel-grid solvers fail. In conventional optical, X-ray and electron ptychography, the pupil-plane primitives also recover the real-space probes with no model of beam-forming optics. The representation cuts memory up to 14-fold and recovers specimens from fewer acquisitions. At electron wavelengths, it resolves atomic structure at tens of electrons per square angstrom.
Comments19 pages, 6 figures
