终止NIH禁运加速了受资助研究的公共获取，但实质性延迟仍然存在
Ending the NIH embargo accelerated public access to funded research, but substantial delays remain
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- Indiana University School of Medicine（印第安纳大学医学院）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究评估NIH于2025年终止12个月禁运政策的效果，发现受资助文章在PubMed Central的即时可用率显著提升，但非DOAJ期刊中仍存在延迟。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
2025年7月1日，美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）开始要求受资助的文章在发表当天即可在PubMed Central中公开获取，从而结束了自2008年以来实施的12个月禁运期。通过比较政策实施前后NIH支持的文章与同一期刊和月份中报告无美国联邦支持的文章，NIH支持的文章在发表一周内可在PubMed Central中获取的比例额外增加了5.6个百分点（95%置信区间：1.9至9.6）。这一变化集中在开放获取期刊目录（DOAJ）之外的期刊中，在这些期刊中，NIH支持的文章在发表一周内进入PubMed Central的比例从11%翻倍至22%，而在DOAJ收录的期刊中未观察到差异变化。政策实施前的比较显示无差异。对于2026年初发表的文章，该政策使NIH支持的研究更早地可获取，但在DOAJ目录之外的期刊中，大多数NIH支持的文章在发表一周后仍未进入PubMed Central。
英文摘要
On 1 July 2025 the National Institutes of Health began requiring that funded articles be publicly available in PubMed Central on the day they are published, ending the 12-month embargo that had applied since 2008. Comparing NIH-supported articles with articles in the same journals and months that reported no US federal support, before and after the policy, the share available in PubMed Central within a week of publication rose by 5.6 percentage points more for NIH-supported articles (95% CI 1.9 to 9.6). The change was concentrated in journals outside the Directory of Open Access Journals, where the share of NIH-supported articles in PubMed Central within a week doubled from 11% to 22%, with no differential change in DOAJ-listed journals. A pre-policy comparison showed no difference. For articles published in early 2026, the policy had made NIH-supported research available sooner, and most NIH-supported articles in journals outside the Directory were still not in PubMed Central a week after publication.
