发表机构
Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, UMR 8023 PSL-SU-UPCité-CNRS; Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, UMR 7636 ESPCI-PSL-SU-UPCité-CNRS（巴黎高等师范学院物理实验室; 异质介质物理与力学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过实验与平均场理论，建立了蒸汽注入云在动量与浮力两种状态下的尺寸标度律，连接微观相变与宏观云动力学，为大气云演化提供定量框架。
AI 中文摘要
载有液滴的云动力学源于相变与湍流混合的耦合。结合实验和平均场理论，我们建立了在含有凝结核的不饱和空气中注入蒸汽所形成的云的标度律。根据云是被限制在射流的初始动量主导区，还是延伸到浮力主导的羽流中，出现了两种渐近状态。在动量状态下，云的尺寸与注入器半径成比例。在浮力状态下，尺寸遵循 \\(\dot{m}^{2/5}\\) 标度，其中 \\(\dot{m}\\) 是注入蒸汽的质量流量。假设液滴间的空气保持湿度饱和，我们的平均场分析预测云的持续性由焓和湿度混合控制。这些发现连接了微观物理过程与宏观动力学，为大气云演化提供了定量框架。
英文摘要
Droplet-laden cloud dynamics emerge from coupled phase transitions and turbulent mixing. Combining experiments and mean-field theory, we establish scaling laws for steam-injected clouds in unsaturated air seeded with condensation nuclei. Depending on whether the cloud is confined to the initial momentum-dominated zone of the jet or extends into the buoyancy-dominated plume, two asymptotic regimes arise. In the momentum regime, cloud dimensions scale with the injector radius. In the buoyancy regime, size follows a \(\dot{m}^{2/5}\) scaling, where \(\dot{m}\) is the injected steam mass flow rate. Assuming inter-droplet air remains humidity-saturated, our mean-field analysis predicts cloud persistence governed by enthalpy and humidity mixing. These findings bridge microphysical processes and macroscale dynamics, offering a quantitative framework for atmospheric cloud evolution.
