发表机构
Oklahoma State University; Ohio State University（俄克拉荷马州立大学; 俄亥俄州立大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究在有限温度下构建含微扰QCD修正的热力学自洽奇异夸克物质状态方程，证明其满足绝对稳定性并支持超过1.4倍太阳质量的致密星，符合观测约束。
AI 中文摘要
奇异夸克物质（SQM）假说以及奇异星可能存在的设想，已在热力学袋模型框架内得到广泛研究，通常采用自由费米气体近似，在零温下考虑或不考虑微扰QCD修正，其中夸克禁闭通过袋压力来建模。在本工作中，基于对夸克质量效应的微扰纳入，我们为有限温度下的SQM发展了一个热力学自洽的状态方程（EOS），在强耦合常数$\alpha_s$中纳入至$\mathcal{O}(\alpha_s)$阶的微扰修正，同时确保完全满足麦克斯韦关系。这些修正对于准确描述可能在核心坍缩事件中形成的热夸克星至关重要。我们给出了固定耦合和跑动耦合两种情况下的结果，采用一个唯象模型来纳入$\alpha_s$在低动量下微扰跑动的失效。我们的结果表明，纳入有限温度微扰QCD修正后，SQM构型落入绝对稳定性窗口，其每重子平衡能量低于铁（结合最紧密的原子核）的相应值。我们的EOS支持质量超过$1.4\\,M_\odot$（对于某些袋常数值，可超过$2\\,M_\odot$）的致密星，这与当前来自脉冲星和引力波观测的天体物理约束一致。
英文摘要
The hypothesis of strange quark matter (SQM) and the possible existence of strange stars have been extensively investigated within the thermodynamic bag model, typically employing the free Fermi gas approximation with or without perturbative QCD corrections at zero temperature, where quark confinement is modeled by the bag pressure. In this work, based on the perturbative inclusion of quark mass effects, we develop a thermodynamically consistent equation of state (EOS) for SQM at finite temperature, incorporating perturbative corrections up to $\mathcal{O}(α_s)$ in the strong coupling constant $α_s$ while ensuring full adherence to the Maxwell relations. These corrections are essential for accurately describing hot quark stars potentially formed during core-collapse events. We present results for both fixed and running couplings, using a phenomenological model to include the breakdown of the perturbative running of $α_s$ at low momenta. Our results demonstrate that incorporating finite-temperature perturbative QCD corrections leads to SQM configurations that fall within the absolute stability window, with equilibrium energies per baryon lying below that of iron, the most tightly bound nucleus. Our EOS supports compact stars with masses exceeding $1.4\,M_\odot$ (and above $2\,M_\odot$ for some values of the bag constant), in agreement with current astrophysical constraints from pulsar and gravitational-wave observations.
Comments9 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
