太阳中性原子冕的存在与日冕加热
Presence of Solar Neutral Atom Corona and Coronal Heating
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- Yunnan Observatories, CAS（中国科学院云南天文台）
- School of Space and Astronomy, Nanjing University（南京大学空间与天文学院）
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, CAS（中国科学院光电技术研究所）
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学物理系）
- Zhangjiang Laboratory（张江实验室）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究通过2024年日全食光谱数据发现太阳中性原子冕及内F冕，其共振散射主导分布，并通过考林耗散在磁环中加热日冕，连接多种加热机制。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
通过分析2024年日全食期间获得的狭缝扫描光谱数据，揭示了中性原子冕的存在，并在低于半个太阳半径的高度内探测到一个隐藏的内F冕。发现内F冕与由尘埃散射形成的、位于约2.3个太阳半径高度之外的夫琅禾费冕有本质不同。这两种新型太阳冕是根据全食期间获取的光谱线强度分布与其相邻连续谱之间的强度差异推断出来的。通过对记录的516.0纳米至540.7纳米波长范围光谱的分析，发现强夫琅禾费线的相对深度在相邻谱线之间随位置不同而变化，并且与日食前获取的光球谱线相比也有所不同。因此，共振散射被认为是造成这些变化的原因。此外，在选定谱线重建的图中，探测到的内F冕呈全球性分布，中性原子散射是其主导来源。两者的分布模式通常依赖于特定谱线，并显示出相当不对称的扩散。观测到向外的中性通量主要受到日冕磁环区域的阻碍，其浓度粗略估计高于10^{-5}。因此，通过考林耗散，中性原子冕可以在这些广泛分布的日冕磁环中对全球日冕加热起到关键作用，类似于托卡马克中通过中性束注入（NBI）进行加热。考林耗散可以对从色球层到日冕的加热提供一致的解释。因此，中性原子冕不仅是太阳冕的一个新梯度，而且是连接这些日冕加热机制所缺失的关键因素。
英文摘要
By analyzing slit scanning spectral data obtained during 2024 total solar eclipse, presence of neutral atom corona is revealed along with a hidden inner F-corona detected within heights below half a solar radius. The inner F-corona is found to be essentially different from the Fraunhofer corona formed by dust scattering beyond about 2.3 solar radius heights. The two new kinds of the solar corona are deduced from the intensity difference between the spectral line intensity distribution and their adjacent continuum one acquired during the totality. Through analysis of the recorded spectra ranging from 516.0nm to 540.7nm, the relative depths of strong Fraunhofer lines are found to be changed among the neighboring lines from one place to another and from the photospheric lines acquired before the eclipse. Thus the resonant scattering is regarded to be responsible for the changes. Furthermore, shown in the reconstructed maps at selected spectral lines, the detected inner F-corona is found spreading globally and the neutral atom scattering acts as its dominant source. Both of their distribution patterns generally depend on specific lines and show considerably asymmetrical diffusions. The outward neutral fluxes are observed to be mainly hindered in regions of coronal magnetic loops with roughly estimated concentration above $10^{-5}$. Thus it can play a key role in global coronal heating via Cowling dissipation in these widely spread coronal loops, like heating in Tokamak by neutral beam injection(NBI). The Cowling dissipation can give a consistent interpretation of heating from the chromosphere to the corona. Thus the neutral atom corona is not only a new gradient of the solar corona but also the missed factor critical for concatenating together these coronal heating mechanisms.
