集成颅下力传感器的离体牛脑模型用于模拟神经外科手术评估

中文摘要 AI 辅助

外科组织操作要求精确；然而，在现实条件下工具-组织操作力的大小很少被量化。为解决这一空白，我们提出并验证了一种便携式离体力传感平台，该平台在模拟神经外科手术期间测量颅脑界面处的工具-组织相互作用力。该系统采用新鲜牛脑组织作为脑实质的生物替代物，放置于配备6自由度力/力矩传感器和实时数据采集系统的3D打印人体颅骨模型中。五项验证方案评估了平台相对于地面真值测量的准确性和动态保真度，包括使用校准砝码（0.5-50克）的静态准确性和线性度、最小可检测力、不同解剖区域间的空间一致性、手术铺巾的影响以及长时间稳定性。在所有方案中，测量力与参考载荷表现出极好的一致性（相关系数R=0.9997），均方根误差<0.005牛顿，平均相对误差低于2%。该平台可靠地检测到低至1克（9.8毫牛顿）的小幅力，手术铺巾未引入明显的信号失真，长时间记录表现出最小漂移。总体而言，所提出的框架利用新鲜牛脑组织为技能训练和绩效评估提供了客观、高保真的力量量化，并可能为其他外科手术中基于力的评估奠定基础。未来工作将集成临床使用的外科器械以增加手术真实性，并将推进临床试验以评估可用性、教育影响以及在接近实践环境中的转化相关性。

英文摘要

Surgical tissue manipulation demands precision; however, tool-tissue manipulation force magnitudes under realistic conditions are rarely quantified. To address this gap, we proposed and validated a portable ex-vivo force-sensing platform that measures tool-tissue interaction forces across the skull-brain interface during simulated neurosurgery. The system involves fresh calf brain tissue, used as a biological surrogate for brain parenchyma, placed in a 3D-printed human skull model equipped with a 6 degree-of-freedom force/torque sensor and a real-time data acquisition system. Five validation protocols assessed the accuracy and dynamic fidelity of the platform against ground-truth measurement, static accuracy and linearity using calibrated weights (0.5-50 g), minimum detectable force, spatial consistency across different anatomical regions, effect of surgical draping, and long-duration stability. Across protocols, measured forces showed excellent agreement with reference loads (correlation R = 0.9997), with RMSE < 0.005 N and mean relative error under 2%. The platform reliably detected low-magnitude forces down to 1 g (9.8 mN), while surgical drapes introduced no meaningful signal distortion and prolonged recordings exhibited minimal drift. Overall, the proposed framework provides objective, high-fidelity force quantification for skill training and performance assessment using fresh calf brain tissue and may serve as a foundation for force-based evaluation across other surgical procedures. Future work will integrate clinically used surgical instruments to increase procedural realism and will progress toward clinical trials to evaluate usability, educational impact, and translational relevance in practice-adjacent settings.

发表机构

• McGill University（麦吉尔大学）
• Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital（蒙特利尔神经病学研究所与医院）
• Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs（国民警卫队卫生部）
• King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences（阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王健康科学大学）
• King Abdullah International Medical Research Center（阿卜杜拉国王国际医学研究中心）
• Federal University of Sao Carlos（圣卡洛斯联邦大学）

机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。