面向6G网络的可信、可解释且可持续的分布式智能
Trustworthy, Explainable, and Sustainable Decentralized Intelligence for 6G Networks
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文针对6G网络提出分布式智能的统一视角，强调去中心化、信任度、可解释性和可持续性需联合设计，以应对数据集中处理的瓶颈，并确保安全与效率。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
随着6G网络从理论框架过渡到实际部署，人工智能（AI）从附加的优化工具演变为分布式且互连的结构层。与以往主要依赖集中式云分析平台的网络代际不同，AI原生的6G网络在动态、多域的边缘-云连续体中运行，数据来源于异构源头，包括用户设备、无线接入网络、感知基础设施和垂直应用。集中处理海量数据会导致严重的通信开销、不可接受的延迟瓶颈、单点故障以及复杂的跨域治理挑战。因此，去中心化成为未来6G网络智能和零接触运营的基本架构要求。安全是这一去中心化范式的首要使能因素。关键安全功能，如实时威胁检测、物理层攻击缓解、切片保护和入侵检测，需要在操作数据失去价值之前立即访问本地上下文和遥测数据。然而，通过联邦学习（FL）和去中心化联邦学习（DFL）等协作范式将智能迁移到边缘，引入了复杂的权衡。系统安全不能孤立地解决；它与信任度、可解释性和能源可持续性等同等重要的方面紧密交织。考虑到这些方面，本文为6G的分布式智能建立了一个统一视角，主张去中心化、信任度、可解释性和可持续性必须联合设计，而非作为独立需求对待。
英文摘要
As 6G networks transition from theoretical frameworks into operational realities, artificial intelligence (AI) evolves from an add-on optimization tool into a distributed and interconnected structural layer. Unlike previous network generations that mostly relied on centralized cloud analytics platforms, AI-native 6G networks operate across a dynamic, multi-domain edge-cloud continuum where data originates from heterogeneous sources including user devices, radio access networks, sensing infrastructures, and vertical applications. Centralizing this massive volume of data creates severe communication overhead, unacceptable latency bottlenecks, single points of failure, and complex cross-domain governance challenges. Consequently, decentralization becomes a fundamental architectural requirement for future 6G network intelligence and zero-touch operations. Security serves as the primary enabler of this decentralized paradigm. Critical security functions, such as real-time threat detection, physical-layer attack mitigation, slice protection, and intrusion detection, require immediate access to local context and telemetry before operational data loses its value. However, moving intelligence to the edge via collaborative paradigms like federated learning (FL) and decentralized FL (DFL) introduces complex trade-offs. System security cannot be addressed in isolation; it is deeply intertwined with equally important aspects like trustworthiness, explainability, and energy sustainability. Taking these aspects into account, this paper develops a unified perspective on decentralized intelligence for 6G, arguing that decentralization, trustworthiness, explainability, and sustainability must be designed jointly rather than treated as independent requirements
